Outpost in the Wilderness: Fort Wayne, 1706-1828Poinsatte, Charles R.
History
Outpost in the Wilderness: Fort Wayne, 1706-1828
Poinsatte, Charles R.
Fort Wayne (Ind.) -- History
Fort Miami proved of value to the French for various reasons. After its
construction, it soon became a military post of consequence, with a
garrison of twenty to thirty men.[24] It was the policy of the French to
locate their garrisons and trading posts wherever there existed a
sufficiently large village of friendly Indians or wherever the strategic
importance of a place itself made it necessary to erect a fort. Fort
Miami combined both of these advantages. Once the Miamis determined to
remain at Kiskakon, they would benefit the French not only by their fur
trade but would be a means of protection against hostile tribes and the
English. The strategic position for a fort at the Maumee-Wabash portage
was recognized even by the English as early as 1717.[25] Pouchet, a
French historian, writing shortly after the French and Indian War was of
the opinion that the French would have been wiser to have strengthened
their fortifications in the Miami region than establish their line of
defense in the upper Ohio.[26]
Perhaps Fort Miami’s greatest importance was as a center of French
activity among the Indians. Being at the principal village of the Miami
confederacy, this outpost was used as a counter-balance to the English
intrigue from New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and the Carolinas. It is
to be noted that Dubuisson was sent to Kiskakon “to counteract the
effect of all those Belts it [the Miami nation] was but too frequently
receiving and which, as they caused eight or ten Miami canoes to go this
year to trade at Orange, might finally induce all that nation to follow
their example.”[27]
In 1734, the Sieur de Noyelles was entrusted with the task of gathering
the scattered Miamis in their village, where they would be protected
from English intrigue. In this affair he was seconded by the Sieur
Darnaud who was in command at Fort Miami.[28] The French had good reason
to fear the English trader, who had strong economic advantages. The
goods furnished by the English in exchange for the furs of the Indians
were produced more cheaply than the French items. Also British virtual
control of the sea trade meant these goods were transported for less.
Finally rum one of the principal factors in the English trade was
produced in the colonies, while the French traders had to import brandy
from the mother country. As early as 1716, de Vandreuil reported to the
Council of Marine that the Iroquois were sending belts to the Miamis and
Ouiatenons, an allied tribe on the Wabash, to induce them to seek the
necessities of life at the English post on the “Oyo river”. Here the
Indians were offered merchandise “a half cheaper than among the
French.”[29] The following year the king replied through the Council
that he was well pleased to learn that M. de Vincennes, apparently at
Kiskakon, had prevented the Miamis and Ouiatenons from accepting the
belts of the English. His majesty hoped that the sending of scarlet
cloth would turn the savages away from the English trade.[30]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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