Outpost in the Wilderness: Fort Wayne, 1706-1828Poinsatte, Charles R.
History
Outpost in the Wilderness: Fort Wayne, 1706-1828
Poinsatte, Charles R.
Fort Wayne (Ind.) -- History
St. Clair, while in Philadelphia during 1790, talked to both Secretary
of War, Henry Knox and President Washington, and suggested that an
American fort be established on the site of Miamitown.[111] Writing to
Knox on November 26, 1790, St. Clair again urged that General Harmar in
the forthcoming campaign be empowered to carry out this plan, concluding
his argument by saying, “we [will] never have peace with the Western
Nations until we have a garrison there.”[112] Knox, after conferring
with Washington, rejected the idea. In doing so, he wrote to the
disappointed St. Clair, the following explanation:
In contemplating the establishment of military posts northwest of the
Ohio, to answer the purposes of awing the Indians residing on the
Wabash, the west end of Lake Erie, St. Joseph’s, and the Illinois ...
and, at the same time, exhibiting a respectable appearance to the
British troops at Detroit and Niagara, the Miami village presents
itself as superior to any other position. This opinion was given to me
by the President in the year 1784, and has several times been held
forth by me to Brigadier Harmar. But at the same time, it must be
acknowledged that the measure would involve a much larger military
establishment than perhaps the value of the object or disposition of
the United States would admit, and that it would be so opposed to the
inclinations of the Indians generally ... as to bring on inevitably an
Indian war of some duration. In addition to which, it is supposed that
the British garrison would find themselves so uneasy with such a force
impending over them as not only to occasion a considerable
reinforcement of their upper posts, but also fomenting ... the
opposition of the Indians.[113]
It would appear that the government did not wish to offend Great
Britain, a policy which was not too strong perhaps, but one that kept
the young republic at peace at a crucial time in her history. The
proposed attack on Miamitown had to be under the guise of punishing the
Indians. To do this and retire was permissible, but the establishment of
an American fort there would have been considered by the British as a
dagger pointed at Detroit. Consequently, when Harmar finally moved from
Fort Washington with his army of 1,600 men, he had orders to destroy
Miamitown and, if possible, its Indian occupants. Harmar himself
promised that, in the event of a successful campaign, he would attend to
“the villanous traders”.[114] Interestingly the British officials at
Detroit and Canada believed that Harmar fully intended to build a fort
at Miamitown although they expressed surprise at the “imprudence” of
such action. Their spies, such as the Girties and Alexander McKee, kept
them well informed of the strength and movement of Harmar’s army. They
even noted Harmar’s tendency to be intoxicated.[115]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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