Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"Plutarch
Philosophy
Plutarch's essays and miscellanies, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Comprising all his works collected under the title of "Morals"
Plutarch
Classical literature; Essays; Ethics; Philosophy
When Chersias had concluded this discourse, Cleodemus began thus: We
see you that are wise men possessing these outward goods after an
unequal manner. Good sweet sir, answered Cleobulus, the law weaver-like
hath distributed to every man a fitting, decent, adequate portion,
and in your profession your reason does what the law does here,—when
you feed, or diet, or physic your patient, you give not an equal
quantity to all, but what you judge to be convenient for each in his
circumstances. Ardalus enquires: I pray what law compels our friend and
Solon’s host, Epimenides, to abstain from all other victuals, and to
content himself with a little composition of his own, which the Greeks
call ἄλιμος (_hunger-relieving_)? This he takes into his mouth and
chews, and eats neither dinner nor supper. This instance obliged the
whole company to be a little while silent, until Thales in a jesting
way replied, that Epimenides did very wisely, for hereby he saved the
trouble and charge of grinding and boiling his food, as Pittacus did.
I myself sojourning at Lesbos overheard my landlady, as she was very
busy at her hand-mill, singing as she used to do at her work, “Grind
mill; grind mill; for even Pittacus, the prince of great Mitylene,
grinds.”[4] Quoth Solon: Ardalus, I wonder you have not read the law
of Epimenides’s frugality in Hesiod’s writings, who prescribes him and
others this spare diet; for he was the person that gratified Epimenides
with the seeds of this nutriment, when he directed him to enquire how
great benefit a man might receive by mallows and asphodel.[5] Do you
believe, said Periander, that Hesiod meant this literally; or rather
that, being himself a great admirer of parsimony, he hereby intended
to exhort men to use a mean and spare diet, as most healthful and
pleasant? For the chewing of mallows is very wholesome, and the stalk
of asphodel is very luscious; but this “expeller of hunger and thirst”
I take to be rather physic than natural food, consisting of honey and
I know not what barbarian cheese, and of many and costly seeds fetched
from foreign parts. If to make up this composition so many ingredients
were requisite, and so difficult to come by and so expensive, Hesiod
might as well have kept his breath to cool his pottage, and never
blessed the world with the discovery. And yet I admire how your host,
when he went to perform the great purification for the Delians not long
since, could overlook the monuments and patterns of the first aliment
which the people brought into the temple,—and, among other cheap
fruits such as grow of themselves, the mallows and the asphodel; the
usefulness and innocency whereof Hesiod seemed in his work to magnify.
Not only that, quoth Anacharsis, but he affirms both plants to be great
restoratives. You are in the right, quoth Cleodemus; for it is evident
Hesiod was no ordinary physician, who could discourse so learnedly
and judiciously of diet, of the nature of wines, and of the virtue of
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