Indians of North America -- Medicine; Pomo Indians; Shamans
No specific fee was paid for instruction in bear-doctoring, but the
instructor was given a large share, usually one-half, of the spoils
obtained by the new doctor in his murders. Also he could command the
assistance and protection of his pupil, who must stand ready, if
necessary, to lay down his life for his instructor. Each bear doctor
selected some friend to whom he willed his entire outfit and whom
he instructed fully in its use. Upon his death this protegé took
possession of the paraphernalia and the hiding place of his friend and
used them as he saw fit.
A bear doctor might “catch” a man who was out in some lonely spot,
particularly a solitary hunter, take him to his hiding place, and teach
him his secrets.[16] Particularly was this the case if the bear doctor
happened to be a man possessed of few friends, since it was thought
necessary for him to will his paraphernalia to some one. Stories are
told of specific instances in which persons have been thus made captive
and instructed. Thus:
An old she-bear caught a young hunter from a village in the Santa
Rosa Valley. She first jumped out upon him from her hiding place
and frightened him badly. She rolled him about on the ground and
made as if to kill him. Though greatly frightened, the boy made
no outcry, but watched her closely. Finally she sat astride him
for quite a long time and the boy ceased to be alarmed. She then
led him away over the long journey to her hiding place on a high,
rocky peak east of Santa Rosa. On the way they heard, late in the
afternoon, the people down in the valley calling his name as they
searched everywhere for him.
Finally they arrived at the bear’s cave in the rocks, where she
had a bed of moss and leaves just as a bear usually does in its
den. In the early part of the evening the boy became homesick and
fearful of his fate and began to cry. It was then that the bear
doctor revealed herself. She removed her suit, showing her human
form, and said to him: “I did not catch you to kill you. I desire
only to show you how we become bear doctors and instruct you in our
magic. Only human beings live in this section of the mountains.
In the morning I shall place my bearskin suit upon you and you
shall practice bear-doctoring.” This did not, however, reassure
and comfort the boy, and he continued to sob and weep during the
greater part of the night, despite the repeated assurances of the
bear doctor that she would not harm him, but was, on the other
hand, just like an elder sister to him and wished to teach him
powerful magic. She finally prepared a good meal for him and he
forgot his fright and, temporarily, his own people.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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