APPENDIX TO CHAPTER IV PHILOSOPHY AND THE ACTIVITY-EXPERIENCE [In an article upon the above title in the _International Journal of Ethics_, p. 1898, I attempted to deal with some aspects of the problem that I have just raised in the preceding chapter. I venture to append here some of the statements that I made then upon the importance of action and the “activity-experience” to the philosophy of to-day. I am inclined to regard them (although I have not looked at them until the present moment of passing this book through the press) as a kind of anticipation and confirmation of many of my present pages. Part of my excuse, however, for inserting them here is a hope that these references and suggestions may possibly be of service to the general reader. The extracts follow as they were printed.] I. It requires no very profound acquaintance with the trend of the literature of general and specialized philosophy of the last twenty-five years to detect a decidedly practical turn in the recent speculative tendencies of philosophy and philosophers. The older conception of philosophy or metaphysics as an attempt to state (more or less systematically) the value of the world for thought is being slowly modified, if not altogether disappearing, into the attempt to explain or to grasp the significance of the world from the stand-point of the moral and social activity of man. The philosophical student must be to some extent conscious of the difference in respect of both tone and subject-matter between such books as Stirling’s _Secret of Hegel_, E. Caird’s _Critical Philosophy of Kant_ (the first editions of both works), Green’s _Prolegomena to Ethics_, and the most recent essays and books of Professors A. Seth[190] and James[191] and Ward[192] and Sidgwick[193] and Baldwin,[194] and of Mr. Bosanquet[195] and the late Mr. Nettleship,[196] and between--to turn to Germany--the writings of Erdmann and Kuno Fischer and Zeller and F. A. Lange, and those of Gizycki, Paulsen, Windelband, Eucken, Hartmann, Deussen, Simmel, and--in France--between the writings of Renouvier and Pillon and Ravaisson, the “Neo-Kantianism” of the _Critique Philosophique_ (1872–1877), and those of Fouillée, Weber (of Strassburg), Séailles, Dunan, and others, and of general writers like de Vogüé, Desjardins, and Brunetière, and of social philosophers like Bouglé, Tarde, Izoulet, and so on. The change of _venue_ in these writers alone, not to speak of the change of the interest of the educated world from such books as Huxley’s _Hume_ and Renan’s _L’Avenir de la Science_ and Du Bois Reymond’s _Die Sieben Welträthsel_, and Tyndall’s _Belfast Address_, to the writings of Herbert Spencer (the Sociology and the general essays on social evolution), Kidd, Nordau, Nietzsche, Mr. Crozier (his important _History of Civilization_), and Demolins,[197] and the predominance of investigations into general biology and comparative psychology and sociology over merely logical and conceptual philosophy