Psychology and Pedagogy of AngerRichardson, Roy Franklin
Science
Psychology and Pedagogy of Anger
Richardson, Roy Franklin
Anger
Another factor partly accounts for the greater emotional intensity of
the recalled incident. The conventional control of emotions during
social contact may be relaxed during the memory recall. The same ethical
standard is not required for one’s private thinking as in actual contact
with others. In this respect there is rather wide individual difference
with the subjects studied. Though in general with persons of rather
intense emotions, there is a marked difference in the ethical standard
they practice, when the incident is present to consciousness, and the
standard used when the anger occurs from the imaged situation; with all
persons studied at times during their most intense anger emotions, the
imaginative reaction is far more crude and unethical, and consequently
the imaged anger may be more intense. A third factor may be involved
here. A personal thrust may be partly ignored at the time without
lowered dignity because it is given with a smile or a friendly attitude,
but when recalled later, the friendliness may be neglected and
consequently anger is more intense. A fourth condition that partly
accounts for more intense anger in the imaged situation, is that the
anger consciousness of this type is usually cumulative. With an entirely
novel experience, a certain amount of resistance must be broken down
before the emotion develops. The emotion seems to develop by a
cumulative process through a series of stimuli. One personal thrust in a
situation in which there is involved no previous emotional excitement,
may be ignored or the humiliation may be borne at the time with no anger
reactions; but when it is repeated one or more times under similar
circumstances, there is present a characteristic mental situation for
the development of anger. The repeated occurrence of the incident in the
imagination intensifies the feelings till anger becomes fully developed.
E.’s observations will illustrate. “During the argument with X., I was
in splendid humor, enjoying myself to the fullest and naturally supposed
everybody was.” Referring to a statement made by X. during the argument,
E. states, “The glow of the conflict had not entirely departed when I
began to see his statement in an entirely new light as reflecting on
myself, then I felt somewhat distressed and overcome to a slight degree,
by a feeling of abasement but no resentment against X. The next day at
ten o’clock I was recalling the events of the argument. There was still
a feeling of abasement but now it stirred me to anger. I found myself
going over it and thinking what I might have said, and what I would say
the next time.”
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