Psychology and Pedagogy of AngerRichardson, Roy Franklin
Science
Psychology and Pedagogy of Anger
Richardson, Roy Franklin
Anger
_Anger Without an Immediate Feeling Fore-period._ This study was begun
tentatively with the view held by Wundt (21) that each emotion of anger
has an immediate feeling fore-period. The study had not progressed far
till this view had to be abandoned. It early appeared in the
observations that anger may begin rather suddenly with no initial
feeling fore-period, which the observer is able to find. The subject
reports that he suddenly finds himself in the midst of an emotion of
anger before he is scarcely aware of it, and is giving verbal and motor
expressions usually accompanying such emotions. In many of the emotions
of this type there is evidence in the observations that the emotion
refers to a previous emotional experience. From the mental disposition
left over from the previous emotion, the emotion suddenly emerges
without passing through the cumulative process that is necessary with an
entirely novel emotional experience. In other words the way has
previously been broken so that it is not necessary to break down the
same amount of resistance. A. observes, “Sitting in my room, I imaged X.
At once I was angry, motor expression not marked at first. X. was imaged
in a rather positive and demonstrative attitude which he sometimes
takes. I found myself with quite a good deal of motor activity saying in
voco-motor fashion as if talking to X.——I was partly aware of three
former disagreements with X., the imagery of the circumstances of the
last one was most clearly defined. I imagined X. a little humbled by my
remark. The emotional experience from the first was pleasant. I felt a
little victorious in the imaginary act of dealing a telling thrust.”
With all persons studied, there is evidence of a previously developed
mental disposition against certain persons and against certain
principles which allows the anger point to be reached in a short cut
fashion. Anger is easily attained without the initial feeling either
of irritation or lowered self-feeling. Anger that rises from this
situation is usually pleasant in quality. The mental disposition which
is connected with this sudden origin of anger may be present during
the later recall of the emotion. It is also shown by the frequent
re-occurrence that the same situation may repeatedly give rise to
anger. B. has a rather strongly developed sentiment against ministers
who preach what they do not believe; G. against persons who do their
work carelessly, especially manufacturers who send out goods of
inferior quality. I. has a marked sentiment against acts of cruelty in
the treatment of animals. D. reacts rather vigorously against persons
who are disloyal to friendship. These sentiments go back to early
experiences in the life of the individuals.
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