Pre-Raphaelitism -- Great Britain; Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 1828-1882
The artistic and romantic impulses stirring in England at the
midpoint of the century had, as we have seen, produced one notable
movement in the shape of the "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood." Five or
six years later they gave rise to another, not less important, and
shortly afterwards a fusion of the two took place. The second of
these "Brotherhoods"--the word was actually adopted for a time--had
its origin at Exeter College, Oxford, in the personalities of William
Morris and Edward Burne-Jones, and resolved itself at first, like its
forerunner, into a "crusade and holy warfare against the age," with
an added religious tinge which was hardly visible in the other. The
Oxford group, like the "P.R.B.," published a magazine to illustrate,
not to preach, their principles, and had as a tangible link with
Rossetti the same warm appreciation of the beauties of the Arthurian
legend first introduced to their notice by Burne-Jones.
In the Christmas vacation of 1855 Burne-Jones came up to London, and
after attending a meeting of the Working Men's College in order to
see Rossetti, whom he and Morris had already begun to worship, he was
introduced to him at Vernon Lushington's rooms in Doctors' Commons.
The next day he visited Rossetti in his studio at Blackfriars, and
saw him working on _Fra Pace_. Thus was laid the foundation of an
alliance which even more potently than the "P.R.B." has changed the
face of art in England, and which resulted in the formation of a
group that for combined poetic, literary, and artistic power is
unapproached in the history of the nation. Incidentally, it was this
visit that determined Burne-Jones--hankering after art, but
predestined for the Church--to become a painter; and no one can fail
to be struck with the evidence of Rossetti's influence upon his early
work.
To the "Oxford and Cambridge Magazine," William Morris's organ, which
ran for the twelve months of 1856, Rossetti contributed "The Burden
of Nineveh," "The Blessed Damozel" (a little altered from the "Germ"
version), and "The Staff and Scrip."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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