Rough Ways Made Smooth: A series of familiar essays on scientific subjectsProctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
Rough Ways Made Smooth: A series of familiar essays on scientific subjects
Proctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
The account given by Don Antonio d'Ulloa of the appearance presented
by the corona during the total eclipse of 1778, is rendered doubtful
by his reference to an apparent rotatory motion of the normal rays.
He says that about five or six seconds after totality had begun, a
brilliant luminous ring was seen around the dark body of the moon.
The ring became brighter as the middle of totality approached. 'About
the middle of the eclipse, the breadth of the ring was equal to
about a sixth of the moon's diameter. There seemed to issue from it
a great number of rays of unequal length, which could be discerned
to a distance equal to the moon's diameter.' Then comes the part of
d'Ulloa's description which seems difficult to accept. He says that the
corona 'seemed to be endued with a rapid rotatory motion, which caused
it to resemble a firework turning round its centre.' The colour of
the light, he proceeds, 'was not uniform throughout the whole breadth
of the ring. Towards the margin of the moon's disc it appeared of a
reddish hue; then it changed to a pale yellow, and from the middle
to the outer border the yellow gradually became fainter, until at
length it seemed almost quite white.' Setting aside the rays and their
rotation, d'Ulloa's account of the inner corona may be accepted as
satisfactory. The height of this ring was, it seems, about 140,000
miles, or twice that of the ring seen in July 1878. As the year 1779
was one of maximum solar disturbance, there were doubtless many spots
in 1778; and the aspect of the corona accorded well with the theory
that the corona expands as the number of sun-spots increases.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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