Rough Ways Made Smooth: A series of familiar essays on scientific subjectsProctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
Rough Ways Made Smooth: A series of familiar essays on scientific subjects
Proctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
We come now to three eclipses which are especially interesting as
having been all carefully observed, some observers having seen all
three,--the eclipses, namely, of 1842, 1851, and 1860. Unfortunately
the eclipses of 1842 and 1851 occurred when the sun-spots were neither
at their greatest nor at their least degree of frequency. For a maximum
of sun-spots occurred in 1837, and a minimum in 1844, so that 1842 was
on what may be called the descending slope of a sun-spot wave, nearer
the hollow than the crest, but not very near either: again, a maximum
occurred in 1848, and a minimum in 1856, so that 1851 was also on the
descending slope of a sun-spot wave, rather nearer the crest than the
hollow, but one may fairly say about midway between them. Still it is
essential in an inquiry of this sort to consider intermediate cases.
We must not only apply the _comparentia ad intellectum instantiarum
convenientium_, but also the _comparentia instantiarum secundum magis
ac minus_. If the existence of great solar disturbances causes the
corona to be greatly enlarged, as compared with the corona seen when
the sun shows no spots, we should expect to find the corona moderately
enlarged only when the sun shows a considerable but not the maximum
number of spots. And again, it is conceivable that we may find some
noteworthy difference between the aspect of the corona when sun-spots
are diminishing in number, and its aspect when they are increasing.
This point seems the more to need investigation when we note that
the evidence derived from eclipses occurring near the time either
of maximum or of minimum solar disturbance has not been altogether
satisfactory. It may be that we may find an explanation of the
discrepancies we have recognised, in some distinction between the state
of the corona when spots are increasing and when they are diminishing
in number.
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