Salt and the salt industryCalvert, Albert Frederick
History
Salt and the salt industry
Calvert, Albert Frederick
Salt industry and trade; Salt industry and trade -- England -- Cheshire
“_Middlewich._--In Mildestvich hundred there is another Wich between
the King and the Earl. There, however, the salt-houses were not the
lord’s, but they had the same laws and customs that have been mentioned
in the above-mentioned Wich, and the customs were divided between the
King and the Earl in the same manner. This Wich was let to farm for 8
pounds and the hundred wherein it was, for 40 shillings. The King had
two parts, and the Earl the third. When Earl Hugh received it, it was
waste. The Earl now holds it, and it is let to farm for 25 shillings,
and two wain-loads of salt. But the hundred is worth 40 shillings. From
these two Wiches, whoever carried away bought salt in a wain drawn by
four oxen or more, paid 4d. for the toll; but if by two oxen, 2 pence
if the salt were two horse-loads. A man from another hundred gave 2d.
for a horse-load. But a man of the same hundred gave only a halfpenny
for a horse-load. Whoever loaded his wain so that the axle broke within
a league of either Wich, gave 2 shillings to the King’s or the Earl’s
officers, if he were overtaken within the league. In like manner,
he who loaded his horse, so as to break its back, gave 2 shillings
if overtaken within the league, but nothing if overtaken beyond it.
Whoever made two horse-loads of salt out of one, was fined 40 shillings
if the officers overtook him. If he was not found, nothing was to be
exacted from any other. Men on foot from another hundred buying salt,
paid 2d. for eight men’s loads. Men of the same hundred paid 1d. for
the same number of such loads.”
The first private record relating to salt appears in the foundation
deed of Combermere Abbey, dated 1132, in which Hugh Malbane, the
founder, caused it to be written: “And I also grant to the same monks
the fourth part of the town of Wych, and tythe of my salt and of the
salt pits that are mine, and salt of Blessed Mary the Virgin, and salt
on Friday, and salt for the Abbot’s table as freely as I have it at my
table.”
Ancient Deeds in the Record Office contain occasional reference to salt
properties in the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries which show that
salt was made in limited quantities in Cambridgeshire and at Rye,
Mimera, and Brembre (formerly Hayerskys), in the County of Sussex.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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