Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Stage history; Theater -- England
Dick Robinson was an actor of women's parts. Ben Jonson has left on record
that he could dress better than forty women, and, in the disguise of a
lawyer's wife, he could convulse a supper party with merriment. Acting so
realistic as his stirred the resentment of the Puritans. Stephen Gosson
writes: "Which way, I beseech you, shall they be excused that put on, not
the apparel only, but the gate, the gestures, the voice, the passions of a
woman." Nathan Field was the son of a minister, who was one of the
earliest as well as one of the bitterest enemies of theatrical
performances. While one of the Royal Chapel boys, Field distinguished
himself in Ben Jonson's comedy, "Cynthia's Revels," acted entirely by
children. Afterwards Field became a member of Shakespeare's company, and,
like him, an author. When Burbage died, Field was his successor in the
part of the Moor. It is said that as he was naturally of a jealous
disposition, the character suited him, and his impersonation of it became
famed as "the true Othello of the poet." Many particulars have come down
to us of the clown, Kemp. His popularity with his audiences cannot be
disputed. "Clowns," writes a dramatic author in 1597, "have been thrust
into plays by the head and shoulders ever since Kemp could make a scurvy
face.... If thou canst but draw thy mouth awry, lay thy leg over thy
staff, saw a piece of cheese asunder with thy dagger, lap up drink on the
earth, I warrant thee they'll all laugh mightily." It was by tricks such
as these that Kemp won the good opinion "of the understanding gentlemen of
the ground"; but Shakespeare was not in favour of fooling. Kemp, moreover,
loved to extemporize, and Shakespeare wished to abolish a custom fatal to
dramatic unity. He preferred to write the clown's part himself, and
desired that no more should be spoken than was set down by the author. The
interference with the clown's privilege, openly advocated by Shakespeare
in a well-known passage of "Hamlet," probably led to Kemp's temporary
retirement from the company. Kemp loved notoriety and money. His morris
dance to Norwich and journeys to France and Italy were but gambling
speculations, he undertaking to be back in a certain time, and laying
wagers with large odds in his favour to that effect.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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