If a sheriff or a gaoler suffers a prisoner, who is taken upon mesne process (that is, during the pendency of a suit) to escape, he is liable to an action on the case (Cro. Eliz., 625). But if after judgment a gaoler or a sheriff permit a debtor to escape, who is charged in execution for a certain sum, the debt immediately becomes his own, and he is compellable by an action of debt, being for a liquated sum and ascertained, to satisfy the creditor his whole demand; which doctrine is grounded on the Equity of the Statute of Westminster second (13 Edw. I. c. 11, and I. Rich. II. c. 12. Bro. Alr. t. parliament, 192; Inst. 382; 3 Bla. Com. 165), ubi jus ibi remedium (I. T. R. 512). There is no wrong without a remedy. Jus, in the sense in which it is used in this maxim, signifies ‘the legal authority to do or to demand something’ (Mackfield, Civ. Law, 6). Remedium may be defined to be the right of action, or the means given by law for the recovery of a right, and, according to this maxim, whenever the law gives anything, it gives a remedy for the same; Lex semper dabit remedium (Jacob, Law Dic. title Remedy, Bac. Alr., actions in general). Every injury to a legal right necessarily imports damage in the nature of it, though there be no pecuniary loss (per Holt, C. J., Ashly v. White, 2 Lord Raymond). Thus where a prisoner is in execution or final process, the creditor has a right to the body of his debtor every hour till the debt is paid; and an escape of the debtor, for ever so short a time, is necessarily a damage to him, and an action for an escape lies (Williams v. Mostyn, 4 M. & W. 153; Wylie v. Birch, 4 Qu. B. 566, 567; Clifton v. Hooper, 6 Qu. B. 468). _York._ I took an oath that he should quietly reign. _Edw._ But, for a kingdom, any oath may be broken: I would break a thousand oaths to reign one year. _Rich._ No; God forbid, your grace should be forsworn. _York._ I shall be, if I claim by open war. _Rich._ I’ll prove the contrary, if you’ll hear me speak. _York._ Thou canst not, son; it is impossible. _Rich._ An oath is of no moment, being not took Before a true and lawful magistrate, That hath authority over him that swears: Henry had none, but did usurp the place; Then, seeing ’twas he that made you to depose, Your oath, my lord, is vain and frivolous. Therefore, to arms. 3 _Henry VI._, Act i. Scene 2.