Sketch of the Sikhs: A Singular Nation Who Inhabit the Provinces of Penjab, Situated Between the Rivers Jumna and IndusMalcolm, John
Religion
Sketch of the Sikhs: A Singular Nation Who Inhabit the Provinces of Penjab, Situated Between the Rivers Jumna and Indus
Malcolm, John
Sikhs
Gúrú Góvind Singh, in the Vichitra Nátac, a work written by himself,
and inserted in the Dasama Pádsháh ká Grant'h, traces the descent of
the Cshatríya tribe of Sóndí, to which he belongs, from a race of
Hindú Rájás[38], who founded the cities of Casúr and Lahore. He was
born, he states, at Patán, or Patna, and brought up at Madra Dés, in
the Penjáb. He went, after his father's death, to the banks of the
Cálíndí, or Yamuná, and addicted himself to hunting the wild beasts of
the forest, and other manly diversions: but this occupation, he adds,
offended the emperor of Dehli, who ordered chiefs, of the Muhammedan
race, to attack him. Gúrú Góvind describes, in this work, with great
animation, his own feats, and those of his friends[39], in the first
of his actions; in which, by his account, the arrows of the Sikhs were
victorious over the sabres of the Muhammedans[40].
This first success appears to have greatly increased the number of
Gúrú Góvind's followers, whom he established at Anandpúr, Khílór, and
the towns in their vicinity; where they remained, till called to aid
the Rájá of Nadón[41], Bhíma Chand, who was threatened with an invasion
by the Rájá of Jammu; who had been excited to hostilities by Mía Khán,
a Mogul chief, then at war with Bhíma Chand.
Gúrú Góvind gives an account of this war, which consisted of attacking
and defending the narrow passes of the mountains. He describes Bhíma
Chand and himself as leading on their warriors, who advanced, he says,
to battle, "like a stream of flame consuming the forest." They were
completely successful in this expedition; the Rájá of Jammu, and his
Muhammedan allies, having been defeated, and chased with disgrace
across the Satléj.
Gúrú Góvind next relates the advance of the son of Diláwer Khán against
him. The object of the Muhammedan chief appears to have been, to
surprise Góvind and his followers at night: but, when that project was
defeated, his troops were seized with a panic, and fled from the Sikhs
without a contest. The father, enraged at the disgraceful retreat of
his son, collected all his followers, and sent Husain Khán, who made
successful inroads upon the Sikhs, taking several of their principal
forts[42]. A general action at last took place, in which the Khán,
after performing prodigies of valour, was defeated, and lost his life.
Gúrú Góvind was not present at this battle. "The lord of the earth," he
says, "detained me from this conflict, and caused the rain of steel to
descend in another quarter."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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