Sketch of the Sikhs: A Singular Nation Who Inhabit the Provinces of Penjab, Situated Between the Rivers Jumna and IndusMalcolm, John
Religion
Sketch of the Sikhs: A Singular Nation Who Inhabit the Provinces of Penjab, Situated Between the Rivers Jumna and Indus
Malcolm, John
Sikhs
Diláwer Khán and Rustam Khán next marched against the Sikhs, who appear
to have been disheartened at the loss of some of their principal
chiefs, and more at the accounts they received of Aurungzéb's rage at
their progress, and of his having detached his son to the district of
Madra[43], in order to take measures to quell them. At the prince's
approach, "every body," says Gúrú Góvind, "was struck with terror.
Unable to comprehend the ways of the Eternal, several deserted me,
and fled, and took refuge in the lofty mountains. These vile cowards
were," he adds, "too greatly alarmed in mind to understand their own
advantage; for the emperor sent troops, who burnt the habitations of
those that had fled." He takes this occasion of denouncing every misery
that this world can bring, and all the pains and horrors of the next,
on those who desert their Gúrú, or priest. "The man who does this,"
he writes, "shall neither have child nor offspring. His aged parents
shall die in grief and sorrow, and he shall perish like a dog, and be
thrown into hell to lament." After many more curses on apostates, he
concludes this anathema by stating, that the good genius of prosperity
in this world, and eternal blessings in the next, shall be the certain
reward of all who remain attached to their Gúrú: and, as an instance,
he affirms, that not one of those faithful followers, who had adhered
to him at this trying crisis, had received the least injury[44].
Gúrú Góvind closes his first work, the Vichitra Nátac, with a further
representation on the shame that attends apostasy, and the rewards that
await those that prove true to their religion; and he concludes by a
prayer to the Deity, and a declaration of his intention to compose,
for the use of his disciples, a still larger work; by which the Sikhs
conceive that he meant the rest of the Dasama Pádsháh ká Grant'h, of
which the Vichitra Nátac forms the first section.
An account of Góvind's war with the Rájá of Kahilúr[45], is found in a
work written in the Dúgar, or mountain dialect of the Penjábi tongue,
which gives an account of some other actions of this chief. Though
this account is greatly exaggerated, it no doubt states some facts
correctly, and therefore merits a brief notice. According to this
authority, the Rájás of Kahilúr, Jiswál, and others, being defeated and
disgraced in several actions, applied to the court of Aurungzéb for aid
against Gúrú Góvind, from whom they stated that they had received great
injuries. When the emperor asked who made the complaint, the answer
was: "It is the chief of Kahilúr, thy servant, who has been despoiled
of his country by violence, though a faithful Zemindar (landholder),
and one who has always been punctual in paying his contributions." Such
were the representations, this author states, by which they obtained
the aid of an army from the emperor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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