St. Clair's DefeatPublic Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County
History
St. Clair's Defeat
Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County
St. Clair's Campaign, 1791
“On the day of the battle, St. Clair was not in his uniform; he wore a
coarse coat and a three-cornered hat. A long queue and heavy gray locks
flowed from under his beaver hat. Early in the action, a ball grazed the
side of his face and cut off a portion of one of his locks. It is said
that during the battle eight balls passed through his clothes. After his
horses were killed, he exerted himself on foot for a considerable time
with a degree of alertness that surprised everybody who saw him. When he
was nearly exhausted, a packhorse was brought to him. Although he could
scarcely prod the animal out of a walk, he rode it during the remainder
of the day. Had he not been furnished with a horse, he would have had to
remain on the field, even though he was unhurt.
“During the action General St. Clair exerted himself with a courage and
presence of mind worthy of the best fortune. He gave his orders in
person to Colonel Darke, and he was present when the first bayonet
charge was made upon the enemy. When the Indians first entered the camp
by the left flank, General St. Clair led the troops which drove them
back. When a retreat became indispensable, he put himself at the head of
the troops which broke through the enemy ranks and opened the way for
the remainder of the army. When this was done, he remained in the rear
and made every exertion to obtain a party to cover the retreat. The
panic, however, was so great that his exertions were of little avail. At
the height of the action, a few of the men crowded around the fires in
the center of the camp; St. Clair was seen drawing his pistols,
threatening them, and ordering them to turn and repel the enemy.”
In commenting upon the General’s honorable acquittal of all blame by the
committee of Congress appointed to inquire into the causes of the
failure of the expedition, Chief Justice John Marshall, in his LIFE OF
GEORGE WASHINGTON, remarks with his usual felicity of expression: “More
satisfactory testimony in favor of St. Clair is furnished by the
circumstance that he still retained the undiminished esteem and good
opinion of President Washington.”
To the foregoing description of the battle we extract from the narrative
of Major Jacob Fowler his own personal experience in the events of that
fatal day. Charles Cist published Fowler’s story in his ADVERTISER, with
the following introduction:
“There was hardly a battle fought in the early struggles with the
Indians in which Mr. Fowler did not participate. He is now (July, 1844)
eighty years old, but his eye has not dimmed nor his natural force
abated. He can still pick off a squirrel with his rifle at one hundred
yards. He can walk as firmly and as fast as most men of fifty, and I
cannot perceive a gray hair in his head. His mind and memory are as
vigorous as his physical body.”
Major Fowler’s story is as follows:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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