Sumerian Hymns from Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum
Religion
Sumerian Hymns from Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum
Hymns, Sumerian; Sumerian language -- Texts
_ki_: the KIKÛ of our text is New-Babylonian (see the Cyrus Cylinder, I
R. 35, line 4). The early linear form is well represented by the
wedge-form of Ḥammurabi (CḤ. Col. I, line 10, plate I). A picture of the
earth was probably attempted in the archaic linear form. It should be
noted that space is represented conventionally by parallel horizontal
lines included in a rectangle, orientated to the four quarters of the
heavens.
10. _^dimmer Mu-ul-lil nin ḳar-ra ki damal-ra_
O Bêl, the bountiful lord of the broad land!
_^dimmer Mu-ul-lil_ (see line 2 for notes).
_nin_ in the sense of _bêlu_, “lord”, gives a good context.
_ḳar-ra_ equals noun _ḳar_ and postposition _ra_; _ḳar_ = “plenty” (see
MSL. 123). The text however may be _dam-ḳar-ra_.
Note that _ra_ may be taken as a postposition of the genitive as well as
phonetic complement (see on line 3).
_ki_ (see on line 9).
_damal-ra_ equals adjective plus postposition.
_damal_, ES for the EK _dagal_, with the meaning of _rapšu_, “extensive”
(Br. 5452). The sign name is AMÛ. The sign is composed of two signs one
within the other, PISANNU, “house”, the outer sign, and ANÛ, “high”, the
inner sign, hence the meaning “large space”, “extensive”.
11. _ù-mu-un mu-ud-na dú sag-ma-al ki_
The lord of creation, the creator, the true head of the land!
_ù-mu-un_ (see line 1 for note).
_mu-ud-na_ may equal “creator” or “begetter”, just as _muḥ-na_ equals
the Assyrian _a-lid_ (IV R. 9, 32a). _mu-ud_ is a phonetic
representation of the word _mud_, whose sign is MUŠÊN-DUGÛ, ḤU plus ḤI
(Br. 2273). The word _mud_ is equal to the Assyrian _banû_ (Br. 2274).
_dú_: here we must let the sense govern us in deciding on a form which
may be read either as KAK or NI. KAK with the value _du_ equal to _banû_
(Br. 5248) gives a meaning that fits smoothly with what precedes and
follows. In their original forms KAK, NI and IR are similar yet entirely
distinct signs. In the archaic linear form, KAK is a triangle with one
of the angles pointing to the right. NI is a triangle with one of the
angles pointing to the right and one upright line passing through the
triangle. IR also is a triangle with one of the angles pointing to the
right and two upright lines passing through the triangle.
_sag-ma-al_ equals noun _sag_, plus suffix _ma-al_. It could stand for
_sag-ga_ just as _sag-mal_ can stand for _sag-ga_ (Br. 3595). _sag_
equals “head” (as in line 5). _ma-al_: if _ma-al_ is taken a suffix (as
in line 1), it stands for the sign PISANNU meaning _šakânu_,
“establish”, or _bašû_, “exist”, and is ES for the EK gal.
_ki_ (see line 9).
12. _ù-mu-un zal laḥ-na ga nunuz-ám da-ma-al-la_
The lord whose shining oil is milk for an extensive progeny!
_ù-mu-un_ (see line 1 for note).
_zal_: NI means “oil”. The Babylonian KAK, NI and IR should be
distinguished from the Assyrian. In Assyrian the horizontal wedges are
parallel and do not come to an angle at the right.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account