Cutting instruments--The scalpel handle--Typical form rectangular, with blunt dissector--Round--Octagonal--Mounting the blade--Varieties of blade--Classification--Straight blades with one cutting edge--Scalpel--Bistoury--Scarificator single or multiple--Razor type--Blunt-pointed bistoury--Ring knife for dismembering the foetus--Straight two-edged knives--Galen's long dissecting knife--Phlebotome--Fleams-- Katias--Spathion--Hemispathion--Polypus knife--Lithotomy knife--Knife for lithotomy invented by Meges--Perforator for foetal cranium--Probe-pointed bistoury with two edges--Curved bistoury--Crow-bill--Pterygium knife--Knife for plastic operation for entropion--Uvula knife--Tonsil knife--Fistula knife--Curved two-edged blades--Galen's cartilage knife-- Curved myrtle-leaf-shaped blade--Shears. CHAPTER IV PROBES 51-89 Specilla or probe-like instruments--Definition of specillum-- κοπάριον--μήλη--ὑπάλειπτρον--Materials--Bronze--Silver--Gold--Tin-- Wood--Bristle--Flower-stalk--Specillum as sound--Combination of instruments on one shaft--Plain rods--Double olive-- Spathomele or spatula-probe--Cyathiscomele or spoon-probe-- Ear specillum--Probe with screw thread--Specillum vulnerarium--Handled needle--Ophthalmic probe--Rasping specillum--Trachoma curette (Blepharoxyston)--Styli and styloid specilla--Grooved director--Surgical needle--Dressing needle--Bodkin--Eyed probes--Ligula--Spoons for warming and pouring salves--Tongue depressor--Uterine sounds--Uterine dilators--Bifurcated probe--Y probe--Blunt dissector--Curved dissectors--Sharp hooks--Blunt hooks--Aneurism needle-- Strigil--Spoon for applying liquid to uvula. CHAPTER V FORCEPS 90-100 Epilation--Polypus--Tumour vulsellum--Eyelid fixation forceps--Uvula (Staphylagra)--Forceps for applying caustic to uvula--Pharyngeal. CHAPTER VI BLEEDING CUPS, CLYSTERS, ETC. 101-115 Bleeding cups--Materials--Glass--Silver-Bronze--Shapes-- Syringes--Principles--Rectal--Vaginal and uterine--Bladder-- Nose--Sinus--Ear--Insufflator--Cannula for ascites and empyema--Leaden tubes to prevent contraction and adhesion-- Calamus scriptorius--Quill. CHAPTER VII CAUTERIES 116-120 Cautery knife--Trident--Olivary--Gamma-shaped--Obol-- Lunated--Nail--Tile--Button--Wedge--Needle--Cautery with tube--Wood--Moxa. CHAPTER VIII BONE AND TOOTH INSTRUMENTS 121-142