Text-book of forensic medicine and toxicologyBuchanan, R. J. M. (Robert James McLean)
Science
Text-book of forensic medicine and toxicology
Buchanan, R. J. M. (Robert James McLean)
Medical jurisprudence; Poisons
Devergie states that where the brand of a galley-slave has vanished,
it may be recalled by slapping its usual position with the palm of the
hand. The scar remains white, while the skin round it is reddened. A
change of temperature to the part will sometimes cause the reappearance
of a vanished scar. Washing may also help to reproduce scars.
Cicatrices produced in childhood may grow with the ordinary growth of
the individual. The shape of a cicatrix will depend upon the character
of the wound which produced it; on the nature of the healing process;
on the elasticity or tension of the skin; on the convexity of the part;
and on the looseness of the subcutaneous cellular tissue. An incised
wound healing by the “first intention” will most probably leave a white
linear cicatrix; on the other hand, a wound healing by granulation will
leave a more or less irregular scar. The position of a wound on the
body also modifies the subsequent cicatrix; thus a linear cicatrix is
produced when the wound is in the long diameter of the limb, a more
or less oval one when across the limb. The retraction of the skin in
the latter case tends to draw the skin at right angles to the line of
incision, thus approximating the extremities of the cut, increasing
it in breadth and lessening it in length. Owing to one or more of the
above-mentioned conditions the typical cicatrix of an incised wound
is elliptical, tending, however, in some cases to assume a circular
form. Linear cicatrices are found chiefly between the fingers and
toes, and where the cutaneous surfaces are concave. In gunshot wounds
the resulting cicatrix is depressed and disc-shaped, and more or less
adherent in the centre to the subcutaneous tissues, and if the weapon
be fired close to the surface of the body, grains of unburnt powder
may be seen in the surrounding skin. Cicatrices from burns are, as a
rule, large, irregular, and superficial, and frequently give rise to
deformity. A scar left by caustics is circumscribed, deep and depressed
in the centre. Cicatrices in the groins are probably venereal; those in
the neck and under the jaw, strumous. Scars from operation incisions
are much less evident now than when wounds were more likely to
suppurate and heal by granulation. It is remarkable, after an incision
made with aseptic precautions and healing by first intent, as time
progresses the cicatrix becomes less and less noticeable, but they
can be detected by methods described above. Fine punctures and stitch
cicatrices may eventually leave little or no trace.
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