The Alósaka cult of the Hopi IndiansFewkes, Jesse Walter
Religion
The Alósaka cult of the Hopi Indians
Fewkes, Jesse Walter
Hopi Indians -- Religion
The ceremony before the screen is interpreted as a prayer to _Alósaka_
for rain, snow, fertilization of seed, and abundant harvests,
symbolized by the figures on it and the rites performed before it.
These ceremonies are very appropriately introduced in connection with
those of the Rain-cloud people, since both came from the south and were
brought by related clans.[14]
Ceremony with the Alósaka Shield
In the Walpi variant of the _Soyáluña_ or Winter Solstice ceremony,
we have not as yet observed a ceremony with the _Alósaka_ figure
comparable with that with the screen just described; but there
is a shield upon which is painted an almost identical figure of
_Alósaka_.[15] The nature of the rites in which this shield is used is
imperfectly known, and the character of the _Alósaka_ worship in the
pueblos of the Middle Mesa is yet to be investigated.
Pictures of Alósaka
The symbolism of _Alósaka_ is shown in a rude drawing made by one of
the Hopi to illustrate a legend, and it represents this being on a
rainbow, on which he is said to have traveled from his home in the
San Francisco mountains to meet an Awatobi maid. Above the figure of
_Alósaka_ is represented the sun, which is drawn also on the screen
above described, for _Alósaka_ is intimately associated with the sun,
as are all the other horned gods, _Ahole_, _Calako_, _Tuñwup_, and the
_Natackas_. An interesting detail of the symbolism of this picture of
the sun is the crescents under the eyes, which are found also on dolls
representing the mother of the gods, _Hahaiwüqti_, an Earth-goddess of
first importance. The personators of _Alósaka_ paint a white crescent
under the left eye.
There is good authority for the belief that the conventional symbol
of _Alósaka_ is a profile view of a budding squash-blossom—a
central bud and two lateral leaves. When this symbol becomes highly
conventionalized, or made of rectangular instead of curved lines, it
consists of a straight line with a triangle on each side, and is then
the same symbol of generation that is painted with red iron oxide on
the breast, arms, and thighs of the two phallic societies in the public
New-fire ceremony.
As an idea of the nature of _Alósaka_ may be discovered from
morphological symbolism, let us examine the figures of a few of the
horned “gods” in the Hopi Olympus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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