The Autobiography of an Electron: Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion — John Shaqi
The Autobiography of an Electron: Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel FashionGibson, Charles R. (Charles Robert)
Science
The Autobiography of an Electron: Wherein the Scientific Ideas of the Present Time Are Explained in an Interesting and Novel Fashion
Gibson, Charles R. (Charles Robert)
Electricity; Electrons
Of course we require the application of very considerable power to urge
us to so heavy a task. All the energy which we can get from a few
electric batteries might enable us to drive a toy car, but when it comes
to turning the wheels of a real car or train, we require a
correspondingly greater amount of energy.
I may as well tell you quite frankly that we electrons are only the
intermediaries or go-betweens. Indeed, you must have noticed that in
every case we act merely as a connecting link between matter and the
æther, and between the æther and matter.
But what I want to tell you of, is the part we play in moving an
electric car or railway train. It is really all very simple if you could
only see it from our standpoint. Picture a host of us attached to copper
atoms in a coil of wire which is being moved through that disturbed
æther called a _magnetic field_. We are set in motion immediately. It is
true that when we are moved forward into the field we march off in one
direction, only to be arrested and made to move off in the opposite
direction as we leave the field, but it really makes no difference in
our working capabilities as long as we are kept on the move. This is
what is actually taking place in the armature of a dynamo as it revolves
between the poles of the electro-magnet. There is no peace for us so
long as the coil is kept revolving; we are kept in a constant state of
rapid to-and-fro motion.
[Illustration: A TRAIN IMPELLED BY MOVING ELECTRONS
_By permission of Siemens Schuckert Werke_
_Berlin_
It is remarkable that the motion of electrons in an electric conductor
can result in the movement of heavy vehicles. How this comes about is
explained in Chapter XII.]
This is all we electrons do in a dynamo, but when the ends of the outer
circuit or mains are brought into contact with the ends of our
revolving coil, we set the electrons in the mains surging to and fro in
step with ourselves. Man describes this motion of the electrons in the
mains as an _alternating electric current_, but by a simple commutator
on the dynamo he may arrange that we set the electrons marching in one
direction in the mains. This he describes as a _direct electric
current_.
It is a matter of indifference to us whether man drives our coil round
by means of a steam-engine, a water-wheel, or a wind-mill; all that we
electrons want is to be kept surging or vibrating to and fro. Now you
will be able to appreciate how we electrons get up sufficient motion to
enable us to perform what I have described as _our heaviest duties_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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