Each column is an acrostic of the name MARTINVS LUTHERVS, making 80 scurrilous epithets. I must now say something about the little books on vagabonds which appeared in this country fifty years after the _Liber Vagatorum_ had become popular in Germany. The first and principal of these was edited by Thomas Harman, a gentleman who lived in the days of Queen Elizabeth, and who appears to have spent a considerable portion of his time in ascertaining the artifices and manœuvres of rogues and beggars. From a close comparison of his work with the _Liber Vagatorum_, I have little hesitation in saying that he obtained the idea and general arrangement, together with a good deal of the matter, from the German work edited by Luther. The title of Harman’s book is:—_A Caueat for Cvrsetors vulgarely Called Vagabones, set forth for the vtilitie and profit of his naturell countrey_. This first appeared in 1566. It was very popular, and soon ran through four editions, the last being “augmented and enlarged by the first author thereof, with the tale of the second taking of the counterfeit Crank, and the true report of his behaviour and punishment, most marvellous to the hearer or reader thereof.” The dates of the four editions are— _William Gryffith_ 1566 _ib._ _ib._ 1567 . . . . . . . . 1567 _Henry Middleton_ 1573 The printer of the third edition is not known. The book is dedicated, somewhat inconsistently, considering the nature of the subject, to Elizabeth, Countess of Shrewsbury. It gives, like the _Liber Vagatorum_, short but graphic descriptions of the different kinds of beggars, and concludes with a cant dictionary. The next work on this subject which appeared in England was published nine years later:— _The Fraternitye of Vacabondes, with a Description of the crafty Company of Cousoners and Shifters; whereunto also is adioyned the XXV Orders of Knaues, other wise called a Quartern of Knaues. Confirmed for ever by Cocke Lorell._ (_London by John Awdeley_, 4to. 1575.)[8]