The books of the Apocrypha : $b their origin, teaching and contentsOesterley, W. O. E. (William Oscar Emil)
Religion
The books of the Apocrypha : $b their origin, teaching and contents
Oesterley, W. O. E. (William Oscar Emil)
Bible. Apocrypha -- Introductions
If, as we have seen, syncretism affected Palestinian Judaism we shall
expect the same to have been the case with Hellenistic Judaism; this
was, indeed, so, and to a much greater extent. Thus, their conception
of God was enriched with new ideas from both Platonic and, to a
greater degree, from Stoic philosophy, e.g., the doctrine of Divine
Immanence, to which we shall refer in dealing with the signs of
Greek influence in Jewish religious literature (Chapter V), where
we shall see also that the Jewish conceptions of the nature of man
was greatly influenced by Greek philosophical teaching. Again, the
Dispersion Jews commended their Scriptures to the heathen world by
means of interpreting them allegorically; the real sense of Scripture
would often be entirely explained away by this method. This, too,
shows the influence of the Hellenistic spirit, for this method of
interpretation was borrowed from the Stoics who had been in the habit
of allegorizing the Greek myths.
Finally, it is worth pointing out that even in Palestine, as
indications in some later Old Testament and other books show, there
had for generations been a tendency towards mitigating the importance
of the sacrificial system; the effect of this is likely to have
been proportionately great among the Jews of the Dispersion, who
would, moreover, have found difficulties in observing many other
precepts of the Law. The result would have been to make them all
the more susceptible to the foreign cults and philosophical systems
which met them on every side; how great that susceptibility was has
been illustrated in an extraordinary manner by the recently found
_papyri_ referred to above. No one, as Bertholet has truly remarked,
can understand the religion of the Jews—and this applies to the Jews
of the Dispersion even more than to those of Palestine—“without a
full intelligence of their astonishing faculty of assimilation; this
assimilation even going the length of actively supporting heathen
cults or, as the recently discovered _papyri_ of Assouan have
informed us, of swearing by an Egyptian goddess.”[75]
III. THE SEPTUAGINT
One of the results of the Hellenistic Movement, the importance of
which cannot be exaggerated, was the Græco-Jewish literature to which
it gave birth. It is impossible to deal here with the whole mass of
that literature,[76] even in the most cursory manner, nor is this
necessary for our present purpose.[77] We must restrict ourselves in
this section to a brief mention of what Schürer calls “the foundation
of all Judæo-Hellenistic culture,” namely, the Greek translation of
the Hebrew Scriptures, which was the special possession of the Jews
of the Dispersion.
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