The Cabinetmaker in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: Giving Attention to the City's Chief Craftsmen in the Furniture Way; And to Their Tools & Methods of WorkingHeuvel, Johannes
History
The Cabinetmaker in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: Giving Attention to the City's Chief Craftsmen in the Furniture Way; And to Their Tools & Methods of Working
Heuvel, Johannes
Furniture making; Furniture workers -- Virginia -- Williamsburg; Furniture, Colonial -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
It’s an ill waterway, however, that flows nobody good! This one served a
double end. In the first place, it provided a convenient place for the
cabinetmakers’ apprentices to dump the trash that accumulated in the
shop. And in the second place, the damp silt of the stream bed
effectively preserved that trash against decay, transforming it into a
twentieth-century treasure trove for today’s archaeologists.
Mention has already been made of the woodworking tools and fragments of
cabinet hardware excavated at the site of the shop. Diggers also found a
few component pieces of a table and chairs. Indeed the Anthony Hay shop,
house, kitchen, and well have proved to be the richest archaeological
dig in Williamsburg. Besides cabinet items, the colonial artifacts
include domestic glass and ceramic wares, harness hardware, shoe
buckles, garden tools, table utensils, and a large number of gun flints.
The last, along with bits of several weapons, recall the period during
the Revolution when the shop was converted into an armory.
_WORKERS IN THE SHOP_
The formal duties of an apprentice and his master toward each other were
spelled out in an indenture signed by each when the apprenticeship
began. Dickinson was probably an apprentice to Hay and may have been a
journeyman employee of Bucktrout in the same shop before himself
becoming its master. In turn, Dickinson took on an apprentice by the
name of James Tyrie who would help him and be taught the cabinetmaking
craft. In the agreement between them the master undertook that:
... his said Apprentice in the same art of a Cabinet Maker which he
useth by the best means that he can shall teach and instruct or cause
to be taught and instructed finding unto the said Apprentice
sufficient Meat Drink Washing Lodging &c during the said term of five
years.
For his part, Tyrie pledged that he:
... his said Master shall faithfully serve his secrets keep his lawful
commands every where gladly do, he shall do no damage to his said
Master nor see to be done of others, but that he to his power shall
let or forth with give warning to his said Master of the same he shall
not waste the Goods of his said Master nor lend them unlawfully to any
he shall not commit fornication nor contract Matrimony within the said
term He shall not play at Cards Dice Tables or any other unlawful
Games whereby his said Master may have any loss, with his own Goods or
others during the said term, without Licence of his said Master He
shall neither buy nor sell He shall not Haunt Taverns nor Play Houses
nor absent himself from his said Masters Service Day nor Night
unlawfully But in all things as a faithful Apprentice he shall Behave
himself towards his said Master and all his, during the said term.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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