“Verily, I am near to mankind, nearer than their own necks; there is no separation between me and mankind; and I am one with mankind; but mankind know it not: nor can a man attain the knowledge of me, unless by the means of the assiduous perusal of the sacred volume, and not by much travel of the feet; but he may attain the knowledge of me by ardent meditation, and, by obedience, a man becomes perfect.” Thus far from the Hál-námeh of Miyán Báyazid. [21] _Anśar_ signifies “protectors, defenders,” and is a word particularly applied to the citizens of Madína who assisted Muhammed when he was obliged to fly from Mecca. Herbelot mentions as one of the most illustrious who bore this surname _Abul Abbas Ahmed ben Abdallah_, without the date of his birth or death, a Spaniard who wrote a Commentary upon the _Moâllakat_, or poems suspended in the temple of Mecca; another who wrote upon physiognomy; and a third who composed a treatise upon coffee. The last was, according to Silvestre de Sacy (see _Chrestom. ar._, t. I. p. 441), originally from Madina, a native of Jejireh, and wrote in the year of the Hejira 966 or 996 (A. D. 1558 or 1587). The family and native place of the above-mentioned _Anśari_, were in the Panjab, although his ancestors might have come from Arabia. [22] This was in 1526.――See vol. II. p. 249.) [23] The district of Kanigaram is on the borders of Kandahar. [24] This Shaikh was born A. D. 1169, in Kot-Karor, a town in Multan. After having travelled, and acquired celebrity as a saint, he returned to Multan, where he made a great number of disciples. His posterity preserved the fame of their ancestor to the times of Bayazid.――(See _Mémoire sur la Religion muselmane dans l’Inde_, par M. Garcin de Tassy, p. 98.) [25] These are: 1. the profession of the faith; 2. the stated prayers; 3. religious fasting; 4. _Haj_, “the pilgrimage;” 5. _Zacat_, “the stated alms.” [26] Abraham, the supposed builder of the Kâbah. [27] We find in the fifth sermon of Sádi: “He who travels to the Kâbah on foot makes the circuit of the Kâbah; but he who makes the pilgrimage of the Kábah, in his heart, is encircled by the Kâbáh.――(_Transact. of Lit. Soc. of Bombay_, vol. I. p. 151.) [28] We see here the fundamental ideas of that mysticism which was formed into a particular system by the Sufis, of whom hereafter. SECTION II.: AN ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY OF THE LORD MÍÝAN RÓSHEN BÁYAZÍD. Báyazid felt himself a prophet, and invited mankind to religious austerity; he caused them to say prayers, but indicated them no determined quarter to which they ought to turn, as the sacred text says: “Wherever you turn, you turn towards God.”