I. The Psychological Law of Apperception 66 II. Selections from the Stoic Scriptures 71 III. The Stoic Reverence for Universal Law 82 IV. The Stoic Solution of the Problem of Evil 87 V. The Stoic Paradoxes 90 VI. The Religious Aspect of Stoicism 95 VII. The Permanent Value of Stoicism 101 VIII. The Defects of Stoicism 106 CHAPTER III THE PLATONIC SUBORDINATION OF LOWER TO HIGHER I. The Nature of Virtue 110 II. Righteousness writ Large 116 III. The Cardinal Virtues 123 IV. Plato's Scheme of Education 131 V. Righteousness the Comprehensive Virtue 138 VI. The Stages of Degeneration 143 VII. The Intrinsic Superiority of Righteousness 153 VIII. Truth and Error in Platonism 159 CHAPTER IV THE ARISTOTELIAN SENSE OF PROPORTION I. Aristotle's Objections to Previous Systems 169 II. The Social Nature of Man 176 III. Right and Wrong determined by the End 179 IV. The Need of Instruments 191 V. The Happy Mean 194 VI. The Aristotelian Virtues and their Acquisition 199 VII. Aristotelian Friendship 209 VIII. Criticism and Summary of Aristotle's Teaching 212 CHAPTER V THE CHRISTIAN SPIRIT OF LOVE I. The Teaching of Love 215 II. The Fulfilment of Law through Love 219 III. The Counterfeits of Love 239 IV. The Whole-heartedness of Love 247 V. The Cultivation of Love 257 VI. The Blessedness of Love 264 VII. The Supremacy of Love 277 INDEX 293 THE FIVE GREAT PHILOSOPHIES OF LIFE CHAPTER I THE EPICUREAN PURSUIT OF PLEASURE I SELECTIONS FROM THE EPICUREAN SCRIPTURES