World War, 1914-1918 -- Personal narratives, Italian
From questions submitted to an Austrian prisoner, I learnt that the
troops stationed between the Tagliamento and the Piave kept up their
march with supplies taken from the factories and houses. The prisoners
themselves admitted that their lot was hard because they could no
longer get drunk, nor gorge themselves on the chicken, sausages and
fruit which they had found so plentiful in every house and factory.
From a conversation with an officer of the Third Regiment of
Kaiserjäger I learnt, “The foodstuffs found and requisitioned have all
been consumed and wasted. Whatever our soldiers cannot devour or
preserve on the spot is shipped to Austria and Germany. The 94th
Division while at Tolmezzo requisitioned all kinds of woven materials
and the officers sent much of it, as their own private property, to
Kotshach by means of auto-ambulances.
“Captain Opitz sent home two hundred pounds of coffee, which in
Austria is worth about 500 Kronen. Captain Pflanzer collected
precious oil paintings during the offensive. He found the most
precious near Castellavazzo.
“A bicycle of the 7th company of the Third Battalion of trench
diggers was stolen from a civilian by the Captain.
“The officers sent home sacks of rice and coffee. At Timau
everything was taken from the civilians. The horses are fed with
maize.”
From prisoners taken in Val Bella December 24, 1917, I learnt that
there was a rumor current among the officers and men that the Italian
cities had been thoroughly sacked and that the objects collected had
been sent to Germany and Austria through the co-operation of the
military forces. It is said that superior officers offered to buy for a
few pence, whatever booty the soldiers could lay hands upon.
In another diary taken from a German officer of the 5th Division (which
had penetrated to Udine), the following was found under date of
November 6, 1917:
“After we had spent several days at Rovereto on the Tagliamento we
withdrew to Udine. As the command gave me full police powers I had
the authority to enter all the shops which were still furnished
with considerable stocks. I spent my time making raids, and during
one of these I found materials suitable for military and civilian
clothing. I filled three cases full of them and I had them sent
through the military station at Neuhaus. I hope some day I shall
find them at home. I have also secured some material for the
Captain.”
Deserters from the enemy lines confirmed the reports that the Germans
took away and sent to Germany all that could be removed—church bells,
beds, household linens, entire doors and windows. Their pillaging was
so complete that some houses have only the walls and roof left.
Furthermore the Austro-Hungarian authorities organized special squads
to visit every house and requisition foodstuffs, kitchen utensils,
livestock and pack animals. At present the population is compelled to
buy at a high price the supplies which were taken from them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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