===================================================================== 1851 Jan. 1 Fiscal to 1861 Years Dec. 31, to June 1871 to Countries Whence Arrived 1860 30, 1870 1880 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Austria-Hungary 7,800 72,969 Belgium 4,738 6,734 7,221 Denmark 3,749 17,094 31,771 France 76,358 35,984 72,206 Germany 951,667 787,468 718,182 Italy 9,231 11,728 55,759 Netherlands 10,789 9,102 16,541 Norway and Sweden 20,931 109,298 211,245 Russia and Poland 1,621 4,536 52,254 Spain and Portugal 10,353 8,493 9,893 Switzerland 25,011 23,286 28,293 ========= ========= ========= United Kingdom England(a) 385,643 568,128 460,479 Scotland 38,331 38,768 87,564 Ireland 914,119 435,778 436,871 Total United Kingdom 1,338,093 1,042,674 984,914 ========= ========= ========= All other countries of Europe 116 210 656 --------- --------- --------- Total Europe 2,452,657 2,064,407 2,261,904 ========= ========= ========= British North American Possessions 59,309 153,871 383,269 Mexico 3,078 2,191 5,362 Central America 449 96 210 South America 1,224 1,396 928 West Indies 10,660 9,043 13,957 --------- --------- --------- Total America 74,720 166,597 403,726 =====================================================================