Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
The attribution of higher and abstract qualities to the gods was
probably of comparatively late origin. Especially is this to be
observed in the case of Tezcatlipocâ, to whom, at the period of the
Conquest, we find attributed such a bewildering array of qualities,
both concrete and abstract, lofty and the reverse, as would seem to
indicate that, had European influences failed to penetrate to Anahuac,
his worship might have reached the monotheistic stage, and in time have
overshadowed that of the other gods of the Mexican pantheon.
Undoubtedly, too, the priesthood, and probably the nobility, fostered a
more esoteric and loftier type of religion than was understood of the
people, and good proof (which is by no means confined to the rather
doubtful circumstance that Nezahualcoyotl of Texcuco built a temple to
the “Unknown God”) is forthcoming that theological questions of greater
or less complexity had begun to exercise the minds of the hierarchy.
UNITY OF RELIGIOUS CONCEPTION THROUGHOUT MEXICO
At the epoch of the Conquest it is abundantly clear that the Aztecâ had
succeeded in establishing their tribal cult, enriched with the beliefs
of the peoples they had conquered, over a wide area. They had adopted
into their pantheon such deities of the surrounding tribes as appealed
to their imagination, or were too powerful to be ignored, and actually
“imprisoned” many others of lesser puissance, whose idols were kept in
confinement in a building within the precincts of the great temple at
Mexico-Tenochtitlan. [39]
Within the historical period but little radical difference existed
between the several Mexican cults, which all appear to have been
affected by a common influence. We observe, therefore, the phenomenon
of certain early religious forms originating under common influences,
separated for centuries and profoundly altered by immigrant forces, at
length brought together again by the amalgamating powers of conquest
under the influence of one central and paramount cult, only, when once
more united, to find a common destruction at the hands of the ministers
of an alien and invading faith.
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