Aztec mythology; Indian mythology -- Mexico; Mexico -- Religion
Sahagun, it will be observed, disappoints us in his account of the
creation, which he confines to the details of the appearance of the sun
and moon and is silent concerning the creation of gods and men. This is
strange when the facilities he had for the collection of myths are
considered, but as a priest, it is evident that he is more interested
in points of ritual than in religious narrative, which, he evidently
agrees with Curtin’s French-Canadian, is to be regarded as “chose
d’absurde.” [63] Even although we possess the sonorous warning of
Prescott and the objections of others to bias us against Ixtlilxochitl,
there is little ground for regarding his version of the Mexican
creation story as being other than he received it from sources which
would have been unspeakably precious had he made better use of them as
regards other subjects.
Regarding Ixtlilxochitl’s version of the creation myth, that the
creator Tloque Nahuague, the maker of the planets, brought into being a
man and a woman from whom all human beings are descended, we have no
parallel in Mexican myth, nor, indeed, in American myth, if we accept
that of the creation of man current in ancient Peru, and it is probable
that, so far as his version of the creation of humanity is concerned,
Ixtlilxochitl had encountered a myth which was either of relatively
late origin, or had arisen out of the ideas engendered by contact with
Christianity. This is, however, by no means to say that Ixtlilxochitl
himself invented the account. [64]
THE HISTORIA DE LOS MEXICANOS
The Historia de los Mexicanos por sus Pinturas is a manuscript of such
importance to the study of Nahua Cosmogony that a short précis of its
earlier chapters may, perhaps, be found of value in this place.
“Tonacatecutli and his consort Tonacaciuatl, who had existed from the
beginning, resolved to undertake the work of creation. They had four
sons, the eldest of whom was Tlactlauque-Tezcatlipocâ, or Camaxtli. He
was born of a red colour. The second son, Yayanque-Tezcatlipocâ, was
greater and more powerful than the rest. He was born black. The third
was Quetzalcoatl or Yacatecutli, and the fourth Omitecilt, and for
another name Magueycoatl, and the Mexicans called him Ochilobi
(Uitzilopochtli), for he was left-handed and was chief god to those of
Mexico, and their war-god. Of these four, Tezcatlipocâ was the wisest,
was in all places, and knew the hearts and thoughts of everyone. And
for this he was called Moyocoya, “he who is all-powerful, and who has
all those things without which nothing can be.” Uitzilopochtli was born
without flesh, but with bones, [65] and in this state he remained for
six hundred years, during which time the gods made nothing.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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