Administration of Mazariegos--His Disastrous Voyage--Rebuilding of Havana--Manners and Morals of a Soldier of Fortune--Defense of Havana by a Military Governor--Improvement of the Fortifications--Rebuilding La Fuerza--The Founding of Morro Castle--Complications in Florida--Osorio Appointed Governor--His Care for the Defenses of the Island--The Campaigns of Pedro Menendez--Conflict Between Osorio and Menendez--Attempts at Mutiny--Disagreement over Fortifications--Illegitimate Trade at Santiago--Menendez Appointed Governor--A Succession of Lieutenants--Charting the Bahama Channel--Codifying Municipal Ordinances. CHAPTER XVII 208 Approach of the "Sea Beggars"--More Work on La Fuerza--Seeking Financial Aid from Mexico--A Requisition for Slave Labor--Investigating Public Accounts--The Downfall of Menendez--Investigation of His Accounts--Succeeded by Montalvo--Increase of Smuggling--General Progress of the Island--Havana the Commercial Metropolis. CHAPTER XVIII 217 Governorship of Montalvo--Rehabilitation of Santiago--Disorder at Havana--Conflict with the Rojas Family--Charges Made Against the Governor--The Increase of Smuggling--Ravages of the French--Seeking Naval Defenses for Cuba--Haggling Over the Building of La Fuerza--A Badly Built Fort--Montalvo's Development of Insular Resources--Promotion of Sugar Growing and General Agriculture--The Governor's Quarrel with the Bishop. CHAPTER XIX 228 Administration of Francisco Carreno--The First Cuban Governor to Die in Office--A Record of Hard Work and Progress--The Problem of Free Negroes--Features of the Slave System--Some Literally Constructive Statesmanship--The First Custom House--Trying to Deal with the Land Question--The Reforms Proposed by Caceres--Development of Stock Raising--Bad Administration of Torres. CHAPTER XX 236 Administration of Gabriel de Luzan--Controversies Among Officials--The Quarrel Between Luzan and Arana--Questions of Official Residence--Removal of the Royal Accountant--Charges Against the Governor--Further Efforts to Complete La Fuerza--The Work of Quinones--Unseemly Personal and Political Feuds--Investigation of the Governor's Administration--Renewal of the Quarrel with Quinones--Governor and Captain-General Brought into Accord Through Peril of an Attack by the British--Desperate Preparations for Defense. CHAPTER XXI 246