War Between Spain and England--Drake's Conquest of Hispaniola--An Attack upon Cuba Anticipated--Raising Forces for Defense--Feuds Forgotten in the Common Emergency--Plans for the Defense of Havana--Increase of the Garrison--Admirable Unity of the People--Drake's Approach to Cuba--His Landing at the Western End of the Island--Appearance of his Fleet off Havana--Departure of Drake's Fleet without an Assault--His Doings at St. Augustine and in the North--Reasons for Not Attacking Havana--Disaster to Santiago--That City Destroyed by the French--Rebuilt by an Energetic Patriot--Interest in Copper Mining. CHAPTER XXII 260 Drake's Menace a Blessing to Cuba--Spanish Interest in Cuba for Its Own Sake--The Governorship of Tejada--The Public Works of Antonelli--Building Roads, Dams and Aqueducts--Havana Made a Real City--Controversy with Bishop Salcedo--Appreciation of Tejada's Services--Accession of Barrionuevo--Progress of Civilization in Cuba--The First Theatrical Performance. CHAPTER XXIII 267 Changes in European Nations--Rise of the Protectionist Policy--Retaliation by Smugglers--Hostilities against Spain--Prevalence of Piracy--Some Strong Governors of Cuba--Good Works of Maldonado and Valdes--Invasions by Pirates--Division of the Island--Interest in Religious Affairs--Successive Governors Working at Cross Purposes--Building a Fleet--Protection of the Port of Havana--An Attack by the Dutch--The Exploits of Oquendo--The Slave Market in Havana--Fall of Cabrera. CHAPTER XXIV 283 The Decline of Spain--Enterprise and Aggressions of the Dutch--The Dutch West India' Company--Governors Who Saved Cuba for Spain--Warring with Dutch Privateers--The Great Fight with Pie de Palo--Fiscal Reforms in Cuba--Gamboa's Improvement of Fortifications--Sarmiento's Organization of Cuban Troops--Ravages of a Great Pestilence--Noble Deeds of the Religious Orders--Public Works Planned--The Walls of Havana--Aggressions of the British--Conquest of Jamaica--Records of Piracy--Exploits of Lolonois--Henry Morgan--British Capture and Plundering of Santiago--Repairing the Fortifications--A Compact against Piracy. CHAPTER XXV 304 British Designs against Spanish Possessions--Covetous Eyes Turned upon Cuba by British Empire-Builders--Isolation of Cuba from Spain--France Playing False--Cuban Reprisals--Further Attacks by Freebooters--Controversy over British Prisoners--Disastrous Earthquakes--Ecclesiastical Troubles--Spain at the Brink of Bankruptcy--Cordova's Administration--Revised Code of Laws for the Indies--Civil and Ecclesiastical Controversies--Some Ruthless Work--Founding of the City of Matanzas--Official Disputes and Scandals. CHAPTER XXVI 325