The Idiot: His Place in Creation, and His Claims on SocietyBateman, Frederick, Sir
Science
The Idiot: His Place in Creation, and His Claims on Society
Bateman, Frederick, Sir
Mental retardation; Stupidity
The supporters of evolution base their arguments upon the remarkable
resemblance between the brain of man and that of certain other
animals. Now, I admit this striking analogy; I admit that every chief
fissure and fold in the brain of man has its counterpart in that of
the gorilla and the ourang-outang; and I am not prepared to deny the
statement, that as far as the organ of intelligence is concerned,
there is no very striking physical difference between him who weighs
the stars and makes the light tell its secrets as to the constitution
of distant worlds, and the howling senseless brute, who lives merely
to satisfy his animal appetites. All animals of the vertebrate type
are constructed on a plan which is essentially similar, not only as
regards their skeleton, but as regards their brain. I don't deny that
man is an animal, and that he has the essential properties of a
highly organised one; but what I do maintain is, that the brain, after
all, is merely an _instrument_ by which the high psychological
attributes peculiar to man become _externally_ manifested.[37] Thought
is not phosphorus, as some would have us believe; the human mind is
not the result of a mere molecular arrangement of cerebral matter.
There is something over and above all this, and the very resemblance
of man's physical nature to that of some members of the brute
creation, proves beyond all doubt that his superiority to them is
hyperphysical, and I fully endorse Mr. Froude's philosophical remarks,
when he says, "It is nothing to me how the Maker of me has been
pleased to construct the organised substance which I call my body. It
is mine, but it is not I. The νους, the intellectual spirit, being an
ουσια--an essence--I believe to be an imperishable something which has
been engendered in me from another source." The unhappy idiot, that
stricken member of our race, possesses the tripartite nature of
man--for he has not only the σωμα or material part, and the ψυχη or
principle of animal life, but he also undoubtedly possesses the πνευμα
or principle of immortal life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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