V. de Saint-Martin’s _Étude sur la Géographie Grecque et Latine de l’Inde_, and his _Mémoire Analytique sur la carte de l’Asie Centrale et de l’Inde_. Rennell’s _Memoir of a Map of Hindoostan_. Bunbury’s _History of Ancient Geography_. Abbott’s _Gradus ad Aornon_. _Journal Asiatique._ Serie VIII. _Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society._ New Series. Mahaffy’s _Alexander’s Empire_ and his _Greek Life_ and _Thought from the Age of Alexander to the Roman Conquest_. Professor Freeman’s _Essay on Alexander the Great_. General Chesney’s _Lecture on the Indian Campaign of Alexander_. Wesseling’s Latin Translation of Diodôros. Translations of Curtius by Digby, Pratt, and Vaugelas respectively. The Notes to the Elzevir edition of Curtius. Chinnock’s Translation of Arrian’s _Anabasis of Alexander_, and Notes thereto. Chaussard’s Translation of Arrian into French. Moberly’s _Alexander the Great in the Punjaub_, from Arrian. Book V. Burton’s _Sindh_. Weber’s _Die Griechen in Indien_. Dr. Bellew’s _Ethnography of Afghanistan_. Sir W. W. Hunter’s and Professor Max Müller’s Works on India. The Translations are strictly literal, but though such, will, I trust, be found to give, without crudeness of diction, a faithful reflex not only of the sense, but also of the spirit, force, fluency, and perspicuity of the original compositions. I have at all events spared no pains to combine in the translations the two merits of being at once literal and idiomatic in expression. In translating Arrian I adopted the text of Sintenis (2nd edition, Berlin, 1863); and with regard to Curtius, I found the work entitled _Alexander in India_, edited by Heitland and Raven, very serviceable, containing, as it does, exactly that portion of Curtius which it was my purpose to translate. Both the works referred to contain valuable _prolegomena_ and notes, to which I must here acknowledge my obligations. The Introduction consists of two parts. In the first, I have pointed out the sources whence our knowledge of the history of Alexander has been derived, and discussed their title to credibility; while in the second, I have sketched Alexander’s career, and added a very brief summary of the events that followed his death till the wars for the division of his empire were finally composed. In the transcription of Greek proper names I have followed as hitherto the method introduced by Grote, which scholars have now generally adopted. A vindication of the method which, to my thinking, is unanswerable, has appeared in the preface to Professor Freeman’s _History of Sicily_, a work which the author unfortunately has not lived to complete.