The Kansas University Quarterly, Vol. I, No. 2, October 1892 — John Shaqi
The Kansas University Quarterly, Vol. I, No. 2, October 1892Various
History
The Kansas University Quarterly, Vol. I, No. 2, October 1892
Various
Natural history -- Periodicals; Science -- Periodicals
When the four coincident basal points form a common double point on
the quartic, it is not difficult to show that two of the quartics are
cuspidal at this point. The polar cubics of the common double point
form a system having the same point for common double point. The
tangents to the quartics at the common node constitute the system of
polar conics and form a pencil in involution. Twelve of the sixteen
basal points may unite in three groups of four each and the system of
quartics is then trinodal and passes through four other fixed points.
This is the system obtained by inverting a system of conics through
four points and then projecting.
A few special cases should be noticed here. If the four fixed points
and two of the nodes lie on a conic, this conic together with the two
lines from the third node to the first two constitute a quartic of
the system. If the four fixed points lie on a line, the quartic then
consists of this line and the sides of the triangle formed by the
nodes. If the three nodes and three of the fixed points lie on a conic,
the system of quartics then consists of this conic and a system of
conics through the three nodes and the fourth fixed point. A special
case of a system of quartics with three nodes is a system of cubics
having a common node and passing through five other fixed points
together with a line through two of them.
If a fifth basal point be moved up to join the four at the common node,
the quartics have one tangent at the common node common to all. If
six basal points coincide they have both tangents at the node common
to all. In this case one of the quartics has a triple point at the
common node of the others. If seven basal points coincide, one of these
tangents is an inflectional tangent as well. If eight points coincide,
both are inflectional tangents.
When nine of the basal points of a system of quartics coincide, the
quartics have a common triple point. This is nicely shown by inverting
a system of nodal cubics from the common node. The inverse curves form
a system of quartics having a triple point and passing through seven
other fixed points. The common triple point on two quartics counts for
nine points of intersection and the seven others make the requisite
sixteen. From our knowledge of a system of cubics having a common node
it is readily inferred that three of the quartics must each break up
into a nodal cubic and a right line through the node. If the seven
fixed points of the system of quartics lie on a cubic having a node
at the common triple point, the system of quartics then consists of
this cubic and a pencil of lines through the node. If two of the seven
fixed points lie on a line through the common triple point, the system
of quartics then consists of this right line and a system of cubics
through the other five points and having a common node at the common
triple point.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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