Germany -- History -- Revolution, 1918; Germany -- Politics and government -- 1918-1933
It was hard on Germany that its first-born Cabinet should have been
triplets, a trinity of the three co-eternal and co-equal
parties--radical, neutral, and reactionary. But if the present
political system was to be maintained and given a majority its
Social-Democratic supporters had to be reinforced from the two
parties next to the right, the Democrats and the Centre. For the
Independent Socialists to the left were intransigent and in voting
power insignificant.
So, after a long haggle between the party leaders as to the number and
nature of the posts each party was to have, there followed another
hard fight as to the persons each party should nominate for their
posts.
It would have required a strong Government to reconstitute the German
polity, reconstruct society, restore solvency, and revive economic
vitality, especially after so much of the momentum of the revolution
had been lost. And the men who had come to the top in the old
Reichstag days were not such as to compensate for want of power in the
machine. The new President, Ebert, the saddler of Heidelberg, had
effaced himself during the storm of the revolution and has apparently
been eliminated altogether by his new responsibility.
The Premier, Scheidemann, on the other hand, showed himself to be an
able and active politician who could speak well on any subject and
sing many songs without book. A clever man, but not the compelling
personality to control the dynamic forces of Socialism or to coerce
the static forces of Separatism.
His second in command in the difficult task of making a working
Constitution was Preuss, the Minister of the Interior, a Jew, a
jurist, and an adjuster. A man with great finesse, but little force.
The questions of the constitutional future of Prussia, of the South
German States, of the North-Western Republics, of the Rhine province,
and of German-Austria, treated by adjustment along a line of least
resistance, seemed likely to be interminable in their intricacies. Dr.
Preuss, clever as he was, soon got into a terrible tangle trying to
untie knots that would have been cut by the revolution.
The post third in importance, Foreign Affairs, a non-party
appointment, was retained by Count Brockdorff-Rantzau--no longer "Dr.
Rantzau"--since Counts, as he told the Assembly, can be democratic. He
had both character and capacity, and if he achieved no success either
at Weimar or Versailles he behaved with dignity under most distressing
conditions.
Of the remaining Ministers Landsberg at Justice, a red Jew from the
province of Posen, who was one of the Provisional Government and
previously a People's Commissary, had a singular and somewhat sinister
reputation. He was held responsible by those who knew for the policy
of breaking with the Poles and with Spartacus.
Bauer at Labour was a trade union politician, a bourgeois turned
bureaucrat. He is now Premier in the Government that signed the peace.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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