The North-Americans of yesterday : $b a comparative study of North-American Indian life, customs, and products, on the theory of the ethnic unity of the race — John Shaqi
The North-Americans of yesterday : $b a comparative study of North-American Indian life, customs, and products, on the theory of the ethnic unity of the raceDellenbaugh, Frederick Samuel
History
The North-Americans of yesterday : $b a comparative study of North-American Indian life, customs, and products, on the theory of the ethnic unity of the race
Dellenbaugh, Frederick Samuel
Indians of Mexico; Indians of North America
The Amerind languages, with the exception of the Maya and possibly
one or two others, are polysynthetic, and no other languages of the
world have exactly this construction, though, as has previously been
stated, that of the Basques has a construction somewhat similar. By
polysynthetic is meant a language that permits the incorporation
of a great many words in one sentence, till all are fused into one
“bunch-word” of from ten to fifteen or more syllables. Examples are
often quoted from Eskimo[30] which in our eyes appear ridiculous in
their cumbersome length, but they are as intelligible and valuable
to the Eskimo as our words are to us. While the Basque more nearly
resembles the Amerind languages than does any other Old World tongue,
it stops short of the incorporating power of that of the Amerinds. In
Basque this is restricted to the verb and some pronominal elements,
but in the Amerind it embraces all parts of speech. It is specially
interesting to note also that Basque in the Old World is an isolated
language, the only one there of its kind. The Amerinds who look
alike are not always the ones who speak the same language. Quite
different-looking Amerinds will sometimes speak the same tongue, while
others who look the same will speak different ones. The Pueblos of
New Mexico and Arizona, while apparently of one race, speak several
different stock languages, while some of the natives of Labrador, who
are of apparently different stocks, speak dialects of one language.
Nor, as has been mentioned, is the area occupied by one stock always
continuous.[31] The Athapascan, next to the Eskimo, is the most
northerly stock, yet three small branches are found south, on the
Pacific coast of the United States, while two large branches, the
Navajos and the Apaches, extend through Arizona and New Mexico, the
latter far into the country of Mexico proper. In the same way the
Siouan[32] lies in the middle region of the United States, but a
small band still lingered, at the beginning of the Columbian era,
on the Gulf coast in Mexico, and another smaller band in eastern
North Carolina, having for a near neighbour still another, which
spread itself over three States. These detached bands indicate great
movements on the part of the various stocks. One Amerind language,
the Eskimo, has been traced across Bering Strait into Asia, but
thus far no language has been traced from Asia into America. When
the Asiatic and North-west Coast investigations instituted by the
American Museum of Natural History, under the auspices of Mr. Jesup,
are completed, something more definite will be known on the subject
of possible affinities. In addition to the great difference in their
formation, some of the Amerind languages do not possess sounds common
to European languages, and on the other hand they sometimes have
sounds rarely heard elsewhere. The Pai Utes have no “f,” and when they
try to pronounce “fire” they can only say “piah.” The Moki cannot
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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