English drama -- To 1500; Mysteries and miracle-plays, English
Like the “manger scene,” a memory of this old play persists in some
religious customs which still linger. In Italy, if you go to any of the
churches just before Easter, you will see in front of one of the altars
something that looks like a little garden of flowers. There are tubs of
blossoming shrubs; masses of tulips and daffodils and anemones, some in
pots, some in jars of water, and amongst the flowers you will find, cut
in wood perhaps, and painted to look as real as possible, the spear, the
nails, the cross—all the terrible things that were used at the
Crucifixion. And this little “arranged” plot of colour and scent is
called _The Sepulchre_. The Easter play is acted no more, but it is a
beautiful thought to make a _garden_ in memory of it, to show that death
is conquered. For the “sepulchre” holds not death, but life—the lovely
life of flowers.
This, you see, is another way of teaching people the meaning of the
Resurrection.
The first plays, then, were religious plays, and they were acted in
churches. But soon they grew so popular, and so many people crowded to
see them, that the churches were not large enough to contain the throng,
and by degrees the custom grew up of acting them _outside_ the church,
so that they might be seen by a much larger audience than the building
itself could hold.
From a very old play in which stage directions are given, we are able to
understand how the performance was arranged. The story of this play is
The Disobedience of Eve, and the loss of Paradise through her sin.
Just below one of the windows of the church, supported by scaffolding, a
platform was put up. From this platform, steps led to a lower stage, and
there was a space between this under platform and the ground.
Thus the church itself stood for Heaven. The first platform was
Paradise, the second Earth, and the space beneath it, Hell. So that when
God the Father descended from Heaven to walk in the garden of Paradise
“in the cool of the day,” the priest who represented Him, came from the
church window to the “Paradise” platform. And when Adam and Eve, having
tasted of the fruit, were driven out of the garden, they descended the
steps to the “Earth” stage, and at last to the space below which meant
Hell, where in the midst of clouds of smoke, and with great rattling of
chains, boys dressed as demons lay in wait for them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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