EXERCISE RECAPITULATORY.--1. Produce the syllable _pae_ in an articulate whisper in all the different varieties of pitch, interval, and stress. 2. Repeat with such syllables as _paw_, _pooh_, _p[=o]h_, etc. 3. Utter these syllables (1) expulsively, (2) explosively, with varying intervals both upward and downward, and producing distinct and clearly attenuated vanishes. 4. Select some passage of poetry involving passionate thought, and read in articulated whispers, with appropriate intonations, somewhat exaggerated, it may be. Let the intervals and stresses be slowly and distinctly given. 5. Repeat the exercise in a half whisper. 6. Next read the passage over several times in pure vocality, without exaggeration, increasing the strength of the utterance until it is as full and ringing as possible. Care must be taken that the utterance is in reality full and ringing, not sharp and hard. Let the pitch chosen be not too high--as low as possible; and let the tones come mainly from the chest and lower part of the throat. NOTE.--In all the exercises care should be taken that they be performed easily and naturally, with perfect deliberation and without undue force; else they will be harmful rather than useful. EXERCISE IN CONCRETE INTERVALS CONTINUED.--1. Read with appropriate intonations: "_Did you say [a:], as in all?_"--"_No, I said ae, as in arm_,"--producing in the emphatic syllables suitable rising or falling intervals of _one tone_. Then repeat, but with greater emphasis, producing intervals of a third, a fifth, or an octave. Vary the sentences so as to include all the tonic elements. 2. With each tonic element, severally, produce first a rising and then a falling interval, each of a tone; then intervals of a third, a fifth, and an octave. 3. Extend the exercise so as to produce with each element, and with all the various intervals, a series or succession of rising and falling intervals, thus: _rising, falling, rising, falling_, etc. Use the blackboard and the musical scale for illustration and reference. Syllables vary greatly in their capacity for prolongation, and in this respect are classified into _immutable_, _mutable_, and _indefinite_. =Immutable Syllables= are almost incapable of prolongation; they are those which end in one of the abrupt atonic elements, _p_, _t_, _k_; as _tip_, _hit_, _kick_; or in one of the abrupt subtonics, _b_, _d_, _g_; as _tub_, _thud_, _pug_. Some syllables that so end, by virtue of tonic or subtonic elements which they may contain, are capable of _some_ prolongation; for example, _warp_, _dart_, _block_, _grab_, _dread_, _grog_. These are called =Mutable Syllables=.