Archaeology; Civilization, Ancient; Despotism; Greece -- History -- To 146 B.C.; Wealth
Assume for the moment that they were indeed identical, and it is easy to
see how the Phye story may have arisen. Peisistratus certainly claimed
to rule by the grace of Athena. Everyone is agreed in inferring from the
Phye story that he attributed his restoration to the intervention of the
goddess. After the citizens had fulfilled Solon’s prophecy, and
“consented to ruin their great city, induced by money[288],” what more
natural than that one of the tyrant’s opponents should sarcastically
agree that it was indeed Athena who had restored Peisistratus: on which
another might comment that it was not the virgin goddess of Athens who
had restored the tyrant, but an alien being of quite a different order,
a Thracian flower girl. [Sidenote: cp. (i) details in the story that
suggest a derivation from the coins,] The name of flower girl
(στεφανόπωλις) is never applied to Athenian drachmae. If we accepted
Head’s early dating for the Athena type, and assumed a Peisistratan date
for certain Athenian coins[289] where the goddess has had her hair done
by a κεροπλάστης[290] in corkscrew curls (fig. 7_a_) that suggest an
early date[291], and wears the garland (στέφανος) of olive leaves (fig.
7_a_, _b_) that appears regularly on coins of the fifth century, we
might find in flower girl (lit. garland seller, στεφανόπωλις) an
allusion to this detail. The garland seller may often have advertised
her garlands by wearing one herself[292].
[Illustration: Fig. 7. Athenian coins: the wreath on the head of
Athena.]
Numismatists however are now unanimous in making the earliest στέφανοι
on Athenian coins later than Peisistratus[293]. To describe the coins as
flower girls would however be natural enough on the simple supposition
that Athenian flower girls had no high moral reputation[294], and
further perhaps that the business was in the hands of Thracians, just as
that of organ-grinding in England is in the hands of Italians. Or
conceivably στεφανόπωλις on our present hypothesis is to be explained by
reference to the phrase δραχμαὶ (τοῦ) Στεφανηφόρου (drachmae of the
garland bearer)[295], applied at Athens to coins fresh from the mint,
such as must have been put into circulation in large quantities when
Peisistratus returned after his money-making in the districts round Mt
Pangaion.
How readily to the Greek the garland suggested the flower girl is seen
from an explanation in the _Lexicon Seguerianum_ of a certain
“garland-bearing hero (στεφανηφόρος ἥρως).” It runs: “Either because the
hero is so called, or by way of nickname, because he had many garlands
round him, _or because garlands were sold near him_[296].” The coins
themselves, especially when the garland was the new feature, may
possibly have been sometimes called garland bearers (στεφανηφόροι), as
is shown to be possible by the analogy of such descriptive coin names as
“chest bearer (κιστοφόρος)[297]” and “harp bearer (κιθαρηφόρος)[298].”
[Sidenote: (ii) attested instances of _Jeu de mot_ on coin types,]
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