The Pearl, its story, its charm, and its valueCattelle, Wallis Richard
History
The Pearl, its story, its charm, and its value
Cattelle, Wallis Richard
Pearls
Usually the pearls when round and lustrous are not constructed as
compactly as those of the bivalves. The texture of the skins vary in
quality and the frequent presence of intermediary strata of black
conchiolin which shrink, makes them liable to crack and break. The
blisters run very even in these two qualities of color and luster and
though seldom quite as brilliant as the nacre of the shell, are very
beautiful and often curiously formed. These blister-baroques are like
two blisters joined at the edges, and are liable to separate there. The
interior consists chiefly of black conchiolin, rough and somewhat shiny.
The "Conch" pearl, found in the Conch (Strombus gigas) of the West
Indies, also is not a true pearl. The shell is used largely for
ornamental purposes, especially for the cutting of cameos, and also
in porcelain works. It is a large shell, sometimes weighing four or
five pounds. Formerly great quantities were exported to England from
the Bahamas; in one year as many as three hundred thousand. Conch
pearls are devoid of nacreous luster, the surface having an appearance
like china. They are slightly transparent and show under the surface a
series of delicate wavy markings.
The silky sheen of these lines causes them to appear lighter than the
body color of the pearl, and they seem to branch toward the surface,
changing kaleidoscopically as the pearl is turned. Almost without
exception the shape is ovoid, or a flattened ovoid, though some are
distorted. In color they range from very pale to deep pink and coral
red, the ends being usually much lighter than the body and often
white. In the deeper tints they are more uniform in color, and as they
are apt to be less lustrous and transparent as the shade deepens to
red they show less plainly the distinguishing wavy lines, and may be
easily mistaken for pieces of coral cut to the shape and polished. They
are very delicate and therefore easily fractured or cracked. As the
natives usually obtain the pearls by cooking the fish, for which they
have a great liking, a large proportion of the few which come into the
market are cracked. It is claimed also that the color fades with time.
They are sometimes called "Nassau" pearls.
Pearls similar in appearance to the Conch, except that the wavy lines
are absent and the skin rarely as brilliant, are taken with true pearls
from the small varieties of the Avicula, especially about the coast of
Venezuela. Some are white as chalk, many are tinted in various shades
of gray, yellow and brownish reds. They have the shining appearance of
china in different degrees, but no nacreous luster. The skins of many
of these are peculiarly constructed, they show modified characteristics
of various parts of the shell. The surface wave lines are present
to some extent, together with curious malformations of prisms and
conchiolin.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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