Indians of North America -- Religion; Indians of North America -- Rites and ceremonies; Peyotism
Arrived, they line up, each man with an arrow on his bow-string which
he points successively to the six regions of the world without letting
it fly. As they march toward the mesa-“altar” where the leader has seen
hikuli as a “deer,” each man shoots two arrows each over five hikuli
plants, crossing over their tops that they may be taken “alive.” They
make a ceremonial circuit of the mesa, but the “deer” assumes the form
of a whirlwind and disappears, leaving two hikuli in his tracks; there
they sacrifice votive bowls, arrows, paper flowers, beads, etc., and
pray. After this they return to get their five hikuli, and eat and gather
others. The whole ceremony is of hunting deer, and after five days they
reverse the logs of their fireplace and return home with gourds of holy
water, wood for the shaman’s rasp, sotol for the “godseats,” yellow paint
material and the hikuli they have gathered. Their tobacco-gourds and
faces are painted yellow, the color of the God of Fire. The face-painting
represents the faces or masks of the gods, and expresses prayers for
rain, luck in deer-hunting and good crops, symbolized as corn field,
cloud, ear of corn, “rain-serpent,” squash-vine and -flower designs.[31]
Approaching home, they must hunt deer until they have enough for the
feast, before being freed from the ritual restrictions of continence,
fasting, and non-use of salt, meanwhile being sustained by slices of
green hikuli eaten from time to time. The deer meat is cooked and
then cut into small cubes which are strung (precisely as peyote is)
on cords.[32] The deer-killing is to obtain rain for the next growing
season.[33] The hunting period over, men and women bathe for the first
time since the beginning of the hikuli-pilgrimage.
For the hikuli feast the men deck their hats lavishly with brilliant
macao and hawk feathers, and wear supernumerary girdle-pouches; the women
wear strings of yellow and red plumes across the back. A temple fire,
another at the east of the patio to “guard” the dancers, and a third
at the north for visitors from the underworld are built in a special
fashion: the shaman carefully brings an eighteen-inch billet of green
wood, offers it to five directions and finally to the sixth by placing it
on the ground, after which others place sticks pointing east and west on
this molitáli or “pillow” of Grandfather Fire.[34]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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