The preparation & mounting of microscopic objectsDavies, Thomas
Science
The preparation & mounting of microscopic objects
Davies, Thomas
Microscopy -- Technique
In mounting blood of any kind to show the corpuscles, or, as they are
often called, _globules_, which are round or oval discs, it is but
necessary to cover the slide on the spot required with a coating as
thin as possible and allow it to dry before covering with the thin
glass. There is a slight contraction in the globules when dried, but
not enough to injure them for the microscope. The shape of these varies
in different classes of animals, but the size varies much more, some
being many times as large as others.--Some of the _larvæ skins_ are
beautiful objects; but, like many sections of animal and other fragile
matter, are difficult to extend upon the slide. This difficulty is
easily overcome by floating the thin object in clear water, immersing
the slide and when the object is evenly spread gently lifting it. Allow
it then to dry by slightly raising one end of the slide to aid the
drainage, and cover with the thin glass as other objects. The tails and
fins of many small fish may be mounted in a similar manner, and are
well worth the trouble.
A few objects which are best shown by mounting _dry_ may be here
mentioned as a slight guide to the beginner, though some of them have
been before noticed;--many of the Foraminifera as elsewhere described.
Some _crystals_ are soluble in almost any fluid or balsam, and should
be mounted _dry_; a few, however, deliquesce or effloresce, which
renders them worthless as microscopic objects.
The wings of butterflies and gnats, as before noticed, afford many
specimens wherewith to supply the cabinet of the young student. A
great variety also may be found amongst the ferns; indeed, these alone
will afford the student occupation for a long time. On the under-side
of the leaves are the reservoirs for the “spores,” which in many
instances somewhat resemble green velvet, and are arranged in stripes,
round masses, and other forms. The spores are usually covered with a
thin skin termed the _indusium_, which is curiously marked in some
specimens, often very like pollen-grains. The manner in which these
spores with all their accompaniments are arranged, their changes and
developments afford almost endless subjects for study; different ferns
presenting us with many variations in this respect totally invisible
without the aid of the microscope. The hymenophyllums (of which two
only belong to England) are particularly interesting, and the structure
of the leaves when dried makes them beautiful objects, often requiring
no balsam to aid their transparency. Portions of the _fronds_ of ferns
should be mounted as opaque objects, after having been dried between
blotting paper, when they are not injured by pressure; but care must
be taken to gather them at the right time, as they do not show their
beauty before they are ripe, and if over-ripe the arrangement of the
spores, &c., is altered. The spores may be mounted as separate objects
in the same manner as pollen, before-mentioned, and are exquisitely
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