The Preparation of Plantation RubberMorgan, Sidney
Science
The Preparation of Plantation Rubber
Morgan, Sidney
Rubber
If considered advisable the acid may be used in a 1/2 per cent. solution
for sheet preparation; but in any case it is advised for the sake of
uniformity that a 1 per cent. solution should be employed in the
preparation of both sheet rubber and crepe rubber. In most modern
factories, measuring vessels of various capacities are to be found, and it
is always more satisfactory to have the solution made up in approximately
correct strength at the rate of 1 oz. of pure acid to 5 pints of water.
Often, however, on some estates European supervision of this work is not
possible, and the preparation of the acid solution has to be left in the
hands of a (more or less) skilled coolie. It is thus necessary to find some
less fine, but still approximately correct, method of procedure. In the
East the kerosene tin is in universal favour for the carriage of water, and
there is no reason why it should not be utilised as a standard measure for
preparing the dilute acid solution, _providing it is not allowed to become
rusty_. The capacity of the tin is 4 gallons (640 fluid ozs.), so that a
one-hundredth part would be approximately 6-1/2 ozs. It is suggested that
this quantity should be measured out by means of a glass graduated vessel,
and then that an aluminium cup should be cut down so as to hold the exact
quantity.
This would reduce the making of a solution, sufficiently approximate to 1
per cent. strength for all practical purposes, into a simple operation of
mixing pure acid and water in the ratio of one cupful of acid to 1 kerosene
tin of water.
The actual quantity of solution required for the coagulation of any volume
of standardised latex can be calculated easily from the ratio 1:1,200. As
the strength of solution is 1:100 it will be seen that the quantity to be
taken is _always one-twelfth_ that of the volume of latex--_e.g._:
(_a_) If the latex tank holds 90 gallons of standardised latex, 7-1/2
gallons of dilute acid solution are required.
(_b_) A tank containing 120 gallons of latex would need 10 gallons of
the 1 per cent. acid solution.
It is assumed that all estates, not only in the preparation of sheet
rubber, but also in the making of crepe rubber, always employ the system of
standardising latex in order to obtain uniformity. They are ill-advised if
they do not follow this practice; but in case average undiluted latex is
treated in coagulation, the quantity of acetic acid to be used should be
calculated from the ratio 1:1,000.
If the acid solution is to be employed in 1 per cent. strength, _one-tenth_
of the volume of latex to be treated will indicate the required quantity of
solution necessary for complete coagulation unless anti-coagulants have
been used, when the quantity must be increased as experience directs. It
will be recognised, of course, that undiluted latex may only be used in any
case for the preparation of crepe rubber; or in some exceptional case, such
as the special preparation of "slab" rubber.
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