Value of the lessons from past failures -- Discussions as to "spontaneous generation" -- Range of experiments and mode of conducting them -- Difficulties in excluding germinal forms, and in determining the temperature at which their destruction was ensured -- Hopefulness awakened by earlier investigations -- Acknowledged failure as the result of more rigid tests -- Conclusions of Pasteur, Roberts, Tyndall -- Close of the discussion as maintained by Bastian -- Dr. Draper's "History of the Conflict between Religion and Science" -- Objections to the plan of the book -- Misleading representations of conflict -- Alleged scriptural view of the nature of the world, incapable of vindication -- The Bible not a book of science, but a revelation of the way of deliverance for sinful man 43 LECTURE III. INORGANIC ELEMENTS IN THE UNIVERSE. Two forms of existence to be recognized -- Matter and Energy -- Distinction of the two -- Tait on energy -- MATTER -- Its indestructibility and uncreatability by any process at the command of man -- The atomic theory as related to the divisibility and compressibility of matter -- Scientific belief, as analogous to theologic -- ENERGY -- Perpetual change in form and distribution of materials -- Position, motion, and force -- Transmutation or conversion of energy -- Conservation of Energy -- Deterioration and dissipation of energy -- Heat as a form of motion -- Results of scientific research are such as to support religious thought concerning the origin of the world -- The changeable can not be the eternal -- Science here reaches its _ultimatum_ as to the structure of the world, and gives all the support possible to the reality of the supernatural 82 LECTURE IV. ORGANIZED EXISTENCE. LIFE AND ITS DEVELOPMENT. The new problem -- Origin of life, relation of the organized to the unorganized -- Origin of species -- Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection -- Characteristics of life -- The prominent features of Mr. Darwin's theory -- Power of adaptability to environment inherent in organism -- History of the steps by which the author was led to the adoption of his theory -- Wallace's "Contributions" -- Darwin's acknowledgment that science does not favor the belief that living creatures are produced from inorganic matter -- Admission of creation of life -- Favorable impression made by the theory -- Common ancestry of allied species -- Rejection of fixedness of species -- Difficulties which beset the theory -- All change does not indicate progress -- Difficulty connected with the early stages of evolution -- Persistence of species 119 LECTURE V. RELATIONS OF LOWER AND HIGHER ORGANISMS.