The Renaissance of Girls' Education in England: A Record of Fifty Years' Progress — John Shaqi
The Renaissance of Girls' Education in England: A Record of Fifty Years' ProgressZimmern, Alice
History
The Renaissance of Girls' Education in England: A Record of Fifty Years' Progress
Zimmern, Alice
Women -- Education -- Great Britain
Even more important than the routine of a school is its curriculum; and
here the need of the reformer’s hand is still felt acutely. The subjects
included in the Girls’ Public Day School Company prospectuses are the
following—Religious Instruction, Reading, Writing, Arithmetic,
Mathematics, Book-keeping, English grammar, composition, and literature,
History, Geography, French, German, Latin, the elements of Physical
Science, Social Economy, Drawing, Class-singing and Harmony, Gymnastic
Exercises, and Needlework. To these Greek must now be added, since it is
taught in every school that prepares for college. The prospectus says
‘any or all of these may be taught,’ which means that the head-mistress
has, within certain limits, a right of selection. Hence the tendency of
schools, even under the same management, to vary greatly. Not only is
there as yet no consensus of opinion in England as to the best
curriculum for girls’ schools, but even the general aim to be kept in
view seems by no means determined. Mrs. Bryant lays down the
incontrovertible dictum that ‘the ideal of the curriculum is a balance
of subjects so that all normal faculties and interests may be
cultivated.’ But there is another side which cannot be neglected, and
the claims of the ideal vanish into insignificance before the demands of
practical life and outside examination. In spite of the repeated
promises that examination is to be servant and not master we must not
hope to escape from its dominion as long as it is the ‘open sesame’ of
colleges and professions. A rough test, it is still the best hitherto
devised, and serves on the whole to separate the sheep from the goats.
Since we must, therefore, acknowledge its sovereignty, it behoves us to
see that it exercises a wise and benevolent tyranny. However much we may
protest, the curriculum of a school will always be largely determined by
the nature of its leaving examination, since this regulates the work of
the upper forms, and these more or less mould the lower. Some schools
reduce this examination work to a minimum, reserving it entirely for the
highest form, while others use the machinery of outside examinations to
determine the whole of their work. The North London Collegiate belongs
to this latter class. The upper part is organised according to two
parallel courses. Of these _A._ leads to the London degree examinations,
that is to Matriculation or in some cases Intermediate Arts, and Course
_B._ to the Cambridge Senior and Higher Locals. All these examinations
under certain conditions admit to the Women’s Colleges at Oxford and
Cambridge, and hence act the double part of a leaving and entrance
examination, but this school also makes use of the lower examinations,
_e.g._, the Preliminary and Junior Locals. Hence the work of these
classes must be directed to the set subjects required for these
examinations, and must include the particular periods of history, works
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