It seems that on July 11, 1881, after a night’s observation of the
stars, Mr. Denning, just before daylight and preparatory to ceasing
work, looked in the direction of the constellation Auriga, the
Charioteer. The idea occurred to him that it might be worth while to
sweep the surrounding region with his comet eyepiece, but he hesitated,
not thinking the prospect sufficiently inviting. There is a well-known
saying that he who hesitates is lost, and on this occasion Mr. Denning
undoubtedly missed an opportunity for finding a comet. Three nights
later a bright comet in Auriga was discovered by Schaeberle, an American
astronomer at Ann Arbor, Michigan!
That same year, on October 4, Mr. Denning had been observing the planet
Jupiter before sunrise, when once more he hesitated as to the
advisability of making an attempt at comet-seeking, but, profiting by
his former experience, he made use of the comet eyepiece with good
results. To quote his own words—
“at almost my first sweep I alighted upon a suspicious object which
afterwards proved itself a comet of short period,”
which means that it is a frequent visitor to the neighborhood of the
sun. These facts are encouraging, and still more so when we remember
that Kepler said, “there are as many comets in the sky as there are
fishes in the sea.”
The first woman to discover a comet was Caroline Herschel, the sister of
the famous astronomer, Sir W. Herschel, and she had eight to her credit.
In her diary, which has been most carefully preserved by Miss Francesca
Herschel at Observatory House, Slough, there is an account of her first
discovery which occurred on August 1, 1786. During the absence of her
brother in Germany she availed herself of the opportunity to make use of
a small Newtonian telescope he had given her, in “sweeping the skies.”
Her “sweeper,” as she termed it, was of 27-inch focal length, a power of
about 20, and a field of view 2° 12′.
Miss Herschel had been observing nebulæ when she saw what she believed
might prove to be a comet. At one o’clock on the morning of August 2 she
made the following brief note in her diary: “The object last night _is_
a comet,” and she wrote to Dr. Blagden of the Royal Astronomical
Society, asking him to take the comet under his protection “in regard to
its right ascension and declination,” which correspond to latitude and
longitude of a place on earth. The right ascension of a heavenly body is
measured eastward along the celestial equator, from the vernal equinox
to the hour circle on which the object lies. Declination of a heavenly
body is its distance north or south of the celestial equator, measured
on a great circle passing through the pole and the celestial body.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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