The story of the universe. Volume 4 (of 4) : $b The earth's creatures : fauna
History
The story of the universe. Volume 4 (of 4) : $b The earth's creatures : fauna
Astronomy; Earth (Planet); Natural history
That red capsicum is the foot of the animal contained in the
cockle-shell. By its aid it crawls, leaps, and burrows in the sand,
where it lies drinking in the salt water through one of its siphons
and discharging it again through the other. Put the shell into a rock
pool, or a basin of water, and you will see the siphons clearly.
But I suppose your eyes will be rather attracted by that scarlet
and orange foot which is being drawn in and thrust out to a length
of nearly four inches, striking with its point against any opposing
object, and sending the whole shell backward with a jerk. The point,
you see, is sharp and tongue-like, only flattened, not horizontally,
like a tongue, but perpendicularly, so as to form, as it was
intended, a perfect sand-plow, by which the animal can move at will
either above or below the surface of the sand.
Enough of Cardium tuberculatum. Now for the other animals of the
heap; and first, for those long, white razors. They, as well as the
gray cimeters, are solens, razor-fish (Solen siliqua and S. ensis),
burrowers in the sand by that foot which protrudes from one end,
nimble in escaping from the Torquay boys, whom you will see boring
for them with a long iron screw on the sands at low tide. They are
very good to eat, these razor-fish; at least for those who so think
them; and abound in millions upon all our sandy shores.
Now for the tapering brown spires. They are Turritellæ, snail-like
animals (though the form of the shell is different), who crawl and
browze by thousands on the beds of Zostera, or grass wrack, which
you see thrown about on the beach, and which grows naturally in two
or three fathoms of water. Stay: here is one which is “more than
itself.” On its back is mounted a cluster of barnacles (Balanus
Porcatus), of the same family as those which stud the tide-rocks
in millions, scratching the legs of hapless bathers. Look at the
mouth of the shell; a long gray worm protrudes from it, which
is not the rightful inhabitant. He is dead long since, and his
place has been occupied by one Sipunculus Bernhardi, a wight of
low degree who connects “radiate” with annulate forms--in plain
English, sea-cucumbers with sea-worms. But however low in the scale
of comparative anatomy, he has wit enough to take care of himself;
mean, ugly, little worm as he seems. For, finding the mouth of the
Turritella too big for him, he has plastered it up with sand and mud
(Heaven alone knows how), just as a wry-neck plasters up a hole in
an apple tree when she intends to build therein, and has left only a
round hole, out of which he can poke his proboscis. A curious thing
is this proboscis, when seen through the magnifier. You perceive a
ring of tentacles round the mouth, for picking up I know not what;
and you will perceive, too, if you watch it, that when he draws it
in, he turns mouth, tentacles, and all inward, and so down into his
stomach, just as if you were to turn the finger of a glove inward
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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