The Sun Dance of the Blackfoot IndiansWissler, Clark
Religion
The Sun Dance of the Blackfoot Indians
Wissler, Clark
Siksika Indians; Sun dance
However, there is another aspect of their appearance at this point. The
Blackfoot assume that many women have at one or more periods of their
lives been invited by a man to commit the offence and that often the
occasion is one of great temptation or calls for great presence of mind
and will power. Now, when addressing the sun, if so approached, the
woman narrates the circumstances, naming the men committing the offence,
and recounts the manner of her refusal. In naming the offender, they
usually say, "I suppose he hears what I say." These women are also
subject to challenge of their having committed adultery. It will be seen
from this that the part they take in the ceremony is an ordeal for which
most women have little liking and one which they will not undertake
lightly. The Blackfoot, themselves, regard it as one of the most solemn
occasions in the ceremony. So far as we could learn, no one now living
was ever present when one of these women was challenged, but the naming
of men who were guilty of improper advances was not unusual.
A retrospect of the concept of the tongues indicates that the entire
ceremony, or their association with the medicine woman and those who are
sexually pure, gives them a potency that may be acquired by eating. They
seem most closely associated with sexual purity since they are less
primary in the function of the medicine woman than in case of those who
"go forward," the former being required to possess many virtues, the
latter but one. While the medicine woman fasts and keeps to her tipi,
the others do not.
THE MEDICINE WOMAN.
We shall now give our attention to the medicine woman. As previously
stated, she is in most respects the central figure in the whole
ceremony, around whom centers its more serious and solemn aspects. On
the fifth day, an elaborate ritual is demonstrated in her tipi,
culminating in the procession to the dancing lodge. To this ritual
belongs a medicine bundle with accessories, known as the natoas, though
the name is primarily that of the headdress which the bundle contains.
This bundle is transferred in the ritualistic way to the medicine woman
by the ceremony and thus becomes hers to care for and guard until used
again at another sun dance ceremony. The ritual and the bundle have been
discussed in detail in Volume 7 of this series. In addition to the
contents of the bundle, there must be a special robe of elkskin, a dress
of the same material, and wristlets of strong elk teeth. A new travois
must be provided for moving the medicine woman outfit. Sometimes she
herself rides on it. This travois is made by the past medicine woman,
her attendant in the ceremonies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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