The Swastika, the Earliest Known Symbol, and Its Migration: With Observations on the Migration of Certain Industries in Prehistoric TimesWilson, Thomas
Religion
The Swastika, the Earliest Known Symbol, and Its Migration: With Observations on the Migration of Certain Industries in Prehistoric Times
Wilson, Thomas
Industries, Primitive; Swastikas; Symbolism
Burnouf[37] recounts the myth of Agni (from which comes, through the Latin
_ignis_, the English word igneous), the god of Sacred Fire, as told in the
Veda:[38]
The young queen, the mother of Fire, carried the royal infant
mysteriously concealed in her bosom. She was a woman of the people,
whose common name was "Arani"--that is, the instrument of wood (the
Swastika) from which fire was made or brought by rubbing. * * * The
origin of the sign [Swastika] is now easy to recognize. It represents
the two pieces of wood which compose _l'arani_, of which the
extremities were bent to be retained by the four nails. At the
junction of the two pieces of wood was a fossette or cup-like hole,
and there they placed a piece of wood upright, in form of a lance (the
Pramantha), violent rotation of which, by whipping (after the fashion
of top-whipping), produced fire, as did Prometheus, the _porteur du
feu_, in Greece.
And this myth was made, as have been others, probably by the priests and
poets of succeeding times, to do duty for different philosophies. The
Swastika was made to represent Arani (the female principle); the Pramantha
or upright fire stake representing Agni, the fire god (the male); and so
the myth served its part to account for the birth of fire. Burnouf hints
that the myth grew out of the production of holy fire for the sacred
altars by the use of the Pramantha and Swastika, after the manner of
savages in all times. Zmigrodzki accepts this myth, and claims all
specimens with dots or points--supposed nail holes--as Swastikas.
The Count Goblet d'Alviella[39] argues in opposition to the theory
announced by Burnouf and by Zmigrodzki, that the Swastika or croix
swasticale, when presenting dots or points, had relation to fire making.
He denies that the points represent nails, or that nails were made or
necessary either for the Swastika or the Arani, and concludes that there
is no evidence to support the theory, and nothing to show the Swastika to
have been used as a fire-making apparatus, whether with or without the
dots or points.
Mr. Greg[40] opposes this entire theory, saying:
The difficulty about the Swastika and its supposed connection with
fire appears to me to be in not knowing precisely what the old fire
drill and chark were like. * * * I much doubt whether the Swastika had
originally any connection either with the fire-chark or with the sun.
* * * The best authorities consider Burnouf is in error as to the
earlier use of the two lower cross pieces of wood and the four nails
said to have been used to fix or steady the framework.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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